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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Interstellar Chemistry Special Feature: Interferometric observations of large biologically interesting interstellar and cometary molecules
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Interstellar Chemistry Special Feature: Interferometric observations of large biologically interesting interstellar and cometary molecules

机译：星际化学的特殊功能：大型生物学有趣的星际和彗星分子的干涉观测

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摘要

Interferometric observations of high-mass regions in interstellar molecular clouds have revealed hot molecular cores that have substantial column densities of large, partly hydrogen-saturated molecules. Many of these molecules are of interest to biology and thus are labeled “biomolecules.” Because the clouds containing these molecules provide the material for star formation, they may provide insight into presolar nebular chemistry, and the biomolecules may provide information about the potential of the associated interstellar chemistry for seeding newly formed planets with prebiotic organic chemistry. In this overview, events are outlined that led to the current interferometric array observations. Clues that connect this interstellar hot core chemistry to the solar system can be found in the cometary detection of methyl formate and the interferometric maps of cometary methanol. Major obstacles to understanding hot core chemistry remain because chemical models are not well developed and interferometric observations have not been very sensitive. Differentiation in the molecular isomers glycolaldehdye, methyl formate, and acetic acid has been observed, but not explained. The extended source structure for certain sugars, aldehydes, and alcohols may require nonthermal formation mechanisms such as shock heating of grains. Major advances in understanding the formation chemistry of hot core species can come from observations with the next generation of sensitive, high-resolution arrays.
机译：对星际分子云中高质量区域的干涉观测发现，分子核较热，分子核具有较大的，部分为氢饱和的大分子的实质列密度。这些分子中有许多是生物学感兴趣的，因此被标记为“生物分子”。因为包含这些分子的云为形成恒星提供了物质，所以它们可以提供对太阳前星云化学的了解，而生物分子可以提供有关星际化学潜力的信息，这些星际化学可以用益生元有机化学播种新形成的行星。在本概述中，概述了导致当前干涉阵列观测的事件。将这种星际热核化学物质连接到太阳系的线索可以在甲酸甲酯的彗星探测和彗星甲醇的干涉图中找到。理解热核化学的主要障碍仍然存在，因为化学模型开发不完善，并且干涉测量的观察还不是很灵敏。已经观察到分子异构体乙二醇醛，甲酸甲酯和乙酸的区别，但没有解释。某些糖，醛和醇的扩展源结构可能需要非热形成机理，例如谷物的冲击加热。下一代敏感的高分辨率阵列的观测可以帮助人们理解热核种的形成化学，这方面的重大进步。

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