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Formation of two methylenedioxy bridges by a Sesamum CYP81Q protein yielding a furofuran lignan (+)-sesamin

机译:芝麻(Sesamum)CYP81Q蛋白形成两个亚甲二氧基桥产生呋喃呋喃木脂素(+)-芝麻素

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摘要

(+)-Sesamin, a furofuran class lignan, is widespread in vascular plants and represented by Sesamum spp. (+)-Sesamin has been of rapidly growing interest because of its beneficial biological effects in mammals, but its biosynthesis and physiological roles in plants remain to be clarified. It is speculated to be synthesized from (+)-pinoresinol by means of (+)-piperitol by formation of two methylenedioxy bridges mediated by two distinct Sesamum indicum cytochrome P450 (SiP450) proteins. Here, we report an SiP450, CYP81Q1, that alone catalyzes (+)-sesamin biosynthesis from (+)-pinoresinol by means of (+)-piperitol by forming two methylenedioxy bridges. The CYP81Q1 gene expression profile was temporally consistent with the accumulation pattern of (+)-sesamin during seed development. The CYP81Q1-GFP chimera protein was colocalized with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeting chimera protein, indicating that (+)-sesamin biosynthesis occurs on the ER cytoplasmic surface. Moreover, we isolated two CYP81Q1 homologs from other Sesamum spp. Sesamum radiatum CYP81Q2 showed dual (+)-piperitol/(+)-sesamin synthetic activity. CYP81Q2, as well as CYP81Q1, therefore, corresponds to a (+)-piperitol/(+)-sesamin synthase in lignan biosynthesis. In contrast, Sesamum alatum CYP81Q3 showed no activity, in accord with (+)-sesamin being deficient in S. alatum. Our findings not only provide insight into lignan biosynthesis but also unravel a unique mode of cytochrome P450 action.
机译:(+)-芝麻素是一种呋喃呋喃类木脂素,广泛存在于维管束植物中,以芝麻(Sesamum spp)为代表。 (-)-芝麻素由于在哺乳动物中具有有益的生物学作用而迅速引起人们的兴趣,但其在植物中的生物合成和生理作用尚待阐明。据推测,它是由(+)-松脂醇借助(+)-哌啶醇通过形成由两个不同的芝麻叶细胞色素P450(SiP450)蛋白介导的两个亚甲二氧基桥合成的。在这里,我们报告了一个SiP450,CYP81Q1,它通过形成两个亚甲二氧基桥,单独催化通过(+)-哌啶醇从(+)-松脂醇中催化(+)-芝麻素的生物合成。 CYP81Q1基因表达谱在时间上与种子发育过程中(+)-芝麻素的积累模式一致。 CYP81Q1-GFP嵌合蛋白与靶向内质网(ER)的嵌合蛋白共定位,表明(+)-芝麻素生物合成发生在ER细胞质表面。此外,我们从其他芝麻属植物中分离了两个CYP81Q1同源物。芝麻(Sesamum radiatum)CYP81Q2具有双重(+)-哌啶醇/(+)-芝麻素合成活性。因此,CYP81Q2和CYP81Q1对应于木脂素生物合成中的(+)-哌啶醇/(+)-芝麻素合酶。相反,芝麻(Sesamum alatum)CYP81Q3没有活性,这与(+)-芝麻素缺乏S. alatum一致。我们的发现不仅提供对木脂素生物合成的深入了解,而且还揭示了细胞色素P450作用的独特模式。

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