【2h】

Evolution of asexual reproduction in leaves of the genus Kalanchoë

机译:Kalanchoë属叶子中无性繁殖的演变

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摘要

Plant somatic cells have the remarkable ability to regenerate an entire organism. Many species in the genus Kalanchoë, known as “mother of thousands,” develop plantlets on the leaf margins. Using key regulators of organogenesis (STM) and embryogenesis (LEC1 and FUS3) processes, we analyzed asexual reproduction in Kalanchoë leaves. Suppression of STM abolished the ability to make plantlets. Here, we report that constitutive plantlet-forming species, like Kalanchoë daigremontiana, form plantlets by coopting both organogenesis and embryogenesis programs into leaves. These species have a defective LEC1 gene and produce nonviable seed, whereas species that produce plantlets only upon stress induction have an intact LEC1 gene and produce viable seed. The latter species are basal in the genus, suggesting that induced-plantlet formation and seed viability are ancestral traits. We provide evidence that asexual reproduction likely initiated as a process of organogenesis and then recruited an embryogenesis program into the leaves in response to loss of sexual reproduction within this genus.
机译:植物体细胞具有显着再生整个生物的能力。 Kalanchoë属中的许多物种被称为“千千万万的母亲”,在叶缘上长出小苗。使用器官发生(STM)和胚胎发生(LEC1和FUS3)过程的关键调控因子,我们分析了Kalanchoë叶片中的无性繁殖。抑制STM消除了制作小苗的能力。在这里,我们报告说,构成小植物的物种,例如Kalanchoëdaigremontiana,通过将器官发生和胚胎发生程序纳入叶片而形成了小植物。这些物种具有缺陷的LEC1基因并产生不能存活的种子,而仅在胁迫诱导下产生苗的物种具有完整的LEC1基因并产生存活的种子。后者是该属的基础,表明诱导的幼苗形成和种子活力是祖先性状。我们提供的证据表明,无性繁殖很可能是器官发生的过程,然后响应该属中有性生殖的丧失而募集了一个胚发生程序进入叶片。

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