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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells completely free from noble metal catalysts
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Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells completely free from noble metal catalysts

机译：完全不含贵金属催化剂的碱性聚合物电解质燃料电池

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摘要

In recent decades, fuel cell technology has been undergoing revolutionary developments, with fundamental progress being the replacement of electrolyte solutions with polymer electrolytes, making the device more compact in size and higher in power density. Nowadays, acidic polymer electrolytes, typically Nafion, are widely used. Despite great success, fuel cells based on acidic polyelectrolyte still depend heavily on noble metal catalysts, predominantly platinum (Pt), thus increasing the cost and hampering the widespread application of fuel cells. Here, we report a type of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) employing a hydroxide ion-conductive polymer, quaternary ammonium polysulphone, as alkaline electrolyte and nonprecious metals, chromium-decorated nickel and silver, as the catalyst for the negative and positive electrodes, respectively. In addition to the development of a high-performance alkaline polymer electrolyte particularly suitable for fuel cells, key progress has been achieved in catalyst tailoring: The surface electronic structure of nickel has been tuned to suppress selectively the surface oxidative passivation with retained activity toward hydrogen oxidation. This report of a H2–O2 PEFC completely free from noble metal catalysts in both the positive and negative electrodes represents an important advancement in the research and development of fuel cells.
机译：近几十年来，燃料电池技术一直在进行革命性的发展，其根本进展是用聚合物电解质代替电解质溶液，从而使该装置的尺寸更紧凑，功率密度更高。如今，酸性聚合物电解质（通常为Nafion）已被广泛使用。尽管取得了巨大的成功，但基于酸性聚电解质的燃料电池仍严重依赖贵金属催化剂（主要是铂（Pt）），从而增加了成本并阻碍了燃料电池的广泛应用。在这里，我们报告了一种类型的聚合物电解质燃料电池（PEFC），它使用氢氧根离子导电聚合物，季铵聚砜作为碱性电解质和非贵金属，铬修饰的镍和银作为负极和正极的催化剂，分别。除了开发特别适用于燃料电池的高性能碱性聚合物电解质外，在催化剂定制方面也取得了重要进展：镍的表面电子结构已经过调整，可以选择性地抑制表面氧化钝化并保留对氢氧化的活性。这份在正极和负极中完全不含贵金属催化剂的H2-O2 PEFC的报告代表了燃料电池研究与开发的重要进展。

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