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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Origin of metazoan cadherin diversity and the antiquity of the classical cadherin/β-catenin complex
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Origin of metazoan cadherin diversity and the antiquity of the classical cadherin/β-catenin complex

机译：后生钙粘蛋白多样性的起源和经典钙粘蛋白/β-连环蛋白复合物的上古

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摘要

The evolution of cadherins, which are essential for metazoan multicellularity and restricted to metazoans and their closest relatives, has special relevance for understanding metazoan origins. To reconstruct the ancestry and evolution of cadherin gene families, we analyzed the genomes of the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta, the unicellular outgroup of choanoflagellates and metazoans Capsaspora owczarzaki, and a draft genome assembly from the homoscleromorph sponge Oscarella carmela. Our finding of a cadherin gene in C. owczarzaki reveals that cadherins predate the divergence of the C. owczarzaki, choanoflagellate, and metazoan lineages. Data from these analyses also suggest that the last common ancestor of metazoans and choanoflagellates contained representatives of at least three cadherin families, lefftyrin, coherin, and hedgling. Additionally, we find that an O. carmela classical cadherin has predicted structural features that, in bilaterian classical cadherins, facilitate binding to the cytoplasmic protein β-catenin and, thereby, promote cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. In contrast with premetazoan cadherin families (i.e., those conserved between choanoflagellates and metazoans), the later appearance of classical cadherins coincides with metazoan origins.
机译：钙粘着蛋白的进化对于后生动物的多细胞性至关重要，并且仅限于后生动物及其近亲，对理解后生动物起源有着特殊的意义。为了重建钙粘着蛋白基因家族的祖先和进化，我们分析了鞭毛鞭毛藻Salpingoeca rosetta，单鞭毛鞭毛藻和后生动物Capsaspora owczarzaki的单细胞群，以及同型海绵Oscarella carmela的基因组草图。我们在C. owczarzaki中发现钙粘蛋白基因表明，钙粘蛋白早于C. owczarzaki，胆鞭毛虫和后生动物谱系的差异。来自这些分析的数据还表明，后生动物和鞭毛虫的最后共同祖先包含至少三个钙粘着蛋白家族的代表，即lefttyrin，coherin和hedgedling。另外，我们发现卡默氏乳杆菌经典钙粘蛋白具有预测的结构特征，该结构特征在双侧经典钙粘蛋白中促进与细胞质蛋白β-catenin的结合，从而促进钙粘蛋白介导的细胞粘附。与前metazoan钙粘蛋白家族（即那些在鞭毛鞭毛虫和后生动物之间保守的家族）相反，经典钙粘蛋白的较晚出现与后生动物起源相吻合。

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