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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Effect of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the risk perception of residents near a nuclear power plant in China
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Effect of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the risk perception of residents near a nuclear power plant in China

机译：福岛核事故对中国核电站附近居民风险感知的影响

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摘要

We assessed the influence of the Fukushima nuclear accident (FNA) on the Chinese public’s attitude and acceptance of nuclear power plants in China. Two surveys (before and after the FNA) were administered to separate subsamples of residents near the Tianwan nuclear power plant in Lianyungang, China. A structural equation model was constructed to describe the public acceptance of nuclear power and four risk perception factors: knowledge, perceived risk, benefit, and trust. Regression analysis was conducted to estimate the relationship between acceptance of nuclear power and the risk perception factors while controlling for demographic variables. Meanwhile, we assessed the median public acceptable frequencies for three levels of nuclear events. The FNA had a significant impact on risk perception of the Chinese public, especially on the factor of perceived risk, which increased from limited risk to great risk. Public acceptance of nuclear power decreased significantly after the FNA. The most sensitive groups include females, those not in public service, those with lower income, and those living close to the Tianwan nuclear power plant. Fifty percent of the survey respondents considered it acceptable to have a nuclear anomaly no more than once in 50 y. For nuclear incidents and serious incidents, the frequencies are once in 100 y and 150 y, respectively. The change in risk perception and acceptance may be attributed to the FNA. Decreased acceptance of nuclear power after the FNA among the Chinese public creates additional obstacles to further development of nuclear power in China and require effective communication strategies.
机译：我们评估了福岛核事故（FNA）对中国公众态度和对中国核电站的接受程度的影响。在中国连云港田湾核电站附近进行了两次调查（FNA之前和之后），以分离居民的子样本。构建了一个结构方程模型来描述公众对核电的接受程度和四个风险感知因素：知识，感知风险，收益和信任。在控制人口统计学变量的同时，进行了回归分析以估计核电接受程度与风险感知因素之间的关系。同时，我们评估了三个级别核事件的公众可接受的频率中位数。 FNA对中国公众的风险认知有重大影响，尤其是对感知风险的影响，风险从有限风险增加到了巨大风险。 FNA之后，公众对核电的接受度显着下降。最敏感的群体包括女性，未担任公职的女性，收入较低的女性以及居住在田湾核电站附近的女性。 50％的调查受访者认为在50年内一次核异常不超过可接受。对于核事故和严重事故，频率分别为100 y和150 y。风险感知和接受程度的变化可能归因于FNA。 FNA之后，中国公众对核电的接受程度下降，给中国进一步发展核电带来了更多障碍，并需要有效的沟通策略。

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