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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Gap between science and media revisited: Scientists as public communicators
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Gap between science and media revisited: Scientists as public communicators

机译：重新探究科学与媒体之间的鸿沟：科学家作为公共传播者

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The present article presents an up-to-date account of the current media relations of scientists, based on a comprehensive analysis of relevant surveys. The evidence suggests that most scientists consider visibility in the media important and responding to journalists a professional duty—an attitude that is reinforced by universities and other science organizations. Scientific communities continue to regulate media contacts with their members by certain norms that compete with the motivating and regulating influences of public information departments. Most scientists assume a two-arena model with a gap between the arenas of internal scientific and public communication. They want to meet the public in the public arena, not in the arena of internal scientific communication. Despite obvious changes in science and in the media system, the orientations of scientists toward the media, as well as the patterns of interaction with journalists, have their roots in the early 1980s. Although there is more influence on public communication from the science organizations and more emphasis on strategic considerations today, the available data do not indicate abrupt changes in communication practices or in the relevant beliefs and attitudes of scientists in the past 30 y. Changes in the science–media interface may be expected from the ongoing structural transformation of the public communication system. However, as yet, there is little evidence of an erosion of the dominant orientation toward the public and public communication within the younger generation of scientists.
机译：在对相关调查进行全面分析的基础上，本文介绍了科学家当前的媒体关系的最新情况。有证据表明，大多数科学家认为在媒体中的可见度很重要，对记者的回应是一种职业责任，这种态度在大学和其他科学组织中得到了加强。科学界继续通过某些规范来规范其与成员之间的媒体接触，这些规范与公共信息部门的激励和调节影响相抗衡。大多数科学家都假设采用两个区域的模型，内部科学和公共传播领域之间存在差距。他们想在公共场所而不是内部科学传播领域与公众见面。尽管科学和媒体系统发生了明显变化，但科学家对媒体的定位以及与记者互动的方式都起源于1980年代初期。尽管当今科学组织对公众传播的影响更大，并且对战略考虑的重视程度更高，但是现有数据并未表明过去30年来传播实践或科学家的相关信念和态度的突然变化。公众传播系统正在进行的结构转型可能会期望科学与媒体界面的变化。但是，到目前为止，还没有证据表明年轻一代科学家对公众和公众传播的主导倾向已经消退。

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