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Exploiting microbial hyperthermophilicity to produce an industrial chemical using hydrogen and carbon dioxide

机译:利用氢气和二氧化碳利用微生物的超嗜热性生产工业化学品

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摘要

Microorganisms can be engineered to produce useful products, including chemicals and fuels from sugars derived from renewable feedstocks, such as plant biomass. An alternative method is to use low potential reducing power from nonbiomass sources, such as hydrogen gas or electricity, to reduce carbon dioxide directly into products. This approach circumvents the overall low efficiency of photosynthesis and the production of sugar intermediates. Although significant advances have been made in manipulating microorganisms to produce useful products from organic substrates, engineering them to use carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas has not been reported. Herein, we describe a unique temperature-dependent approach that confers on a microorganism (the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, which grows optimally on carbohydrates at 100°C) the capacity to use carbon dioxide, a reaction that it does not accomplish naturally. This was achieved by the heterologous expression of five genes of the carbon fixation cycle of the archaeon Metallosphaera sedula, which grows autotrophically at 73°C. The engineered P. furiosus strain is able to use hydrogen gas and incorporate carbon dioxide into 3-hydroxypropionic acid, one of the top 12 industrial chemical building blocks. The reaction can be accomplished by cell-free extracts and by whole cells of the recombinant P. furiosus strain. Moreover, it is carried out some 30°C below the optimal growth temperature of the organism in conditions that support only minimal growth but maintain sufficient metabolic activity to sustain the production of 3-hydroxypropionate. The approach described here can be expanded to produce important organic chemicals, all through biological activation of carbon dioxide.
机译:可以对微生物进行改造,以生产有用的产品,包括来自可再生原料(例如植物生物质)的糖中的化学药品和燃料。一种替代方法是使用来自非生物质资源(如氢气或电)的低电势降低功率,将二氧化碳直接还原为产品。这种方法避免了光合作用和糖中间体生产的整体效率低下的问题。尽管在操纵微生物以从有机底物生产有用的产品方面取得了重大进展,但尚未报道过将它们改造为使用二氧化碳和氢气的方法。在本文中,我们描述了一种独特的温度依赖性方法,该方法赋予微生物(二氧化碳古细菌Pyrococcus furiosus,在100°C时可在碳水化合物上最佳生长)使用二氧化碳的能力,这是自然无法完成的反应。这是通过将古生金属小球藻的碳固定周期的五个基因异源表达而实现的,该基因在73℃自养。工程化的狂热毕赤酵母菌株能够利用氢气并将二氧化碳掺入3-羟基丙酸中,而后者是工业化学的12个主要组成部分之一。该反应可以通过无细胞的提取物和重组狂热假单胞菌菌株的全细胞来完成。而且,在仅支持最小限度生长但维持足够的代谢活性以维持3-羟基丙酸酯产生的条件下,在生物体的最佳生长温度以下约30℃下进行。此处描述的方法可以扩展为通过二氧化碳的生物活化来生产重要的有机化学品。

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