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Predicting fruit fly’s sensing rate with insect flight simulations

机译:通过昆虫飞行模拟预测果蝇的感应率

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摘要

Without sensory feedback, flies cannot fly. Exactly how various feedback controls work in insects is a complex puzzle to solve. What do insects measure to stabilize their flight? How often and how fast must insects adjust their wings to remain stable? To gain insights into algorithms used by insects to control their dynamic instability, we develop a simulation tool to study free flight. To stabilize flight, we construct a control algorithm that modulates wing motion based on discrete measurements of the body-pitch orientation. Our simulations give theoretical bounds on both the sensing rate and the delay time between sensing and actuation. Interpreting our findings together with experimental results on fruit flies’ reaction time and sensory motor reflexes, we conjecture that fruit flies sense their kinematic states every wing beat to stabilize their flight. We further propose a candidate for such a control involving the fly’s haltere and first basalar motor neuron. Although we focus on fruit flies as a case study, the framework for our simulation and discrete control algorithms is applicable to studies of both natural and man-made fliers.
机译:没有感官反馈,苍蝇将无法飞行。确切地说,各种反馈控制如何在昆虫中起作用是要解决的难题。昆虫会采取什么措施来稳定其飞行?昆虫必须多久调整一次翅膀以保持稳定?为了深入了解昆虫用于控制其动态不稳定性的算法,我们开发了一种仿真工具来研究自由飞行。为了稳定飞行,我们构造了一种控制算法,该算法基于对人体俯仰方向的离散测量来调制机翼运动。我们的仿真给出了感测速率以及感测和致动之间的延迟时间的理论界限。解释我们的发现以及关于果蝇反应时间和感觉运动反射的实验结果,我们推测果蝇在每一次翼节拍时都会感觉到它们的运动状态以稳定其飞行。我们进一步建议使用这种控制方法的候选人,涉及苍蝇的三角背心和第一个基底运动神经元。尽管我们以果蝇为案例研究,但我们的仿真和离散控制算法框架适用于天然和人造飞行物的研究。

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