【2h】

Hydrodynamic starvation in first-feeding larval fishes

机译:初养幼鱼的水动力饥饿

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摘要

Larval fishes suffer prodigious mortality rates, eliminating 99% of the brood within a few days after first feeding. Hjort (1914) famously attributed this “critical period” of low survival to the larvae’s inability to obtain sufficient food [Hjort (1914) Rapp P-v Réun Cons Int Explor Mer 20:1–228]. However, the cause of this poor feeding success remains to be identified. Here, we show that hydrodynamic constraints on the ubiquitous suction mechanism in first-feeding larvae limit their ability to capture prey, thereby reducing their feeding rates. Dynamic-scaling experiments revealed that larval size is the primary determinant of feeding rate, independent of other ontogenetic effects. We conclude that first-feeding larvae experience “hydrodynamic starvation,” in which low Reynolds numbers mechanistically limit their feeding performance even under high prey densities. Our results provide a hydrodynamic perspective on feeding of larval fishes that focuses on the physical properties of the larvae and prey, rather than on prey concentration and the rate of encounters.
机译:幼体鱼死亡率极高,首次喂养后几天内消除了99%的亲鱼。 Hjort(1914)著名地将这一低生存率的“关键时期”归因于幼虫无法获得足够的食物[Hjort(1914)Rapp P-vRéunCons Int Explor Mer 20:1-228]。然而,这种不良喂养成功的原因还有待确定。在这里,我们表明,在首次喂食幼虫中普遍存在的吸水机制上的水动力约束限制了它们捕获猎物的能力,从而降低了它们的喂食速度。动态定标实验表明,幼虫大小是决定喂食速度的主要因素,与其他个体发育影响无关。我们得出的结论是,首次喂食的幼虫会经历“水力饥饿”,在这种情况下,即使在高猎物密度下,低雷诺数也会机械地限制其喂食性能。我们的研究结果为幼体鱼类的摄食提供了一种流体动力学的观点,该观点侧重于幼体和猎物的物理特性,而不是猎物的集中度和encounter碰率。

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