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PNAS Plus: The TimeGeo modeling framework for urban mobility without travel surveys

机译:PNAS Plus:TimeGeo建模框架无需旅行调查即可实现城市交通

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摘要

Well-established fine-scale urban mobility models today depend on detailed but cumbersome and expensive travel surveys for their calibration. Not much is known, however, about the set of mechanisms needed to generate complete mobility profiles if only using passive datasets with mostly sparse traces of individuals. In this study, we present a mechanistic modeling framework (TimeGeo) that effectively generates urban mobility patterns with resolution of 10 min and hundreds of meters. It ties together the inference of home and work activity locations from data, with the modeling of flexible activities (e.g., other) in space and time. The temporal choices are captured by only three features: the weekly home-based tour number, the dwell rate, and the burst rate. These combined generate for each individual: (i) stay duration of activities, (ii) number of visited locations per day, and (iii) daily mobility networks. These parameters capture how an individual deviates from the circadian rhythm of the population, and generate the wide spectrum of empirically observed mobility behaviors. The spatial choices of visited locations are modeled by a rank-based exploration and preferential return (r-EPR) mechanism that incorporates space in the EPR model. Finally, we show that a hierarchical multiplicative cascade method can measure the interaction between land use and generation of trips. In this way, urban structure is directly related to the observed distance of travels. This framework allows us to fully embrace the massive amount of individual data generated by information and communication technologies (ICTs) worldwide to comprehensively model urban mobility without travel surveys.
机译:如今,行之有效的小规模城市出行模型需要详细但繁琐且昂贵的旅行调查来进行校准。但是,如果仅使用具有稀疏个体痕迹的被动数据集,则对于生成完整移动性概要文件所需的机制集知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种机械建模框架(TimeGeo),该框架可有效生成分辨率为10分钟和数百米的城市交通模式。它将根据数据推断的家庭和工作活动位置与在空间和时间上灵活的活动(例如其他活动)建模联系在一起。时间选择仅由三个特征来捕获:每周一次的家庭巡回人数,驻留率和突发率。这些组合为每个人生成:(i)活动的持续时间,(ii)每天拜访的地点数量,以及(iii)日常出行网络。这些参数捕获个人如何偏离人口的昼夜节律,并产生广泛的经验观察到的流动性行为。访问位置的空间选择通过基于等级的探索和优先回报(r-EPR)机制进行建模,该机制将空间纳入EPR模型。最后,我们证明了分层乘积级联方法可以衡量土地利用与旅行产生之间的相互作用。这样,城市结构与观察到的出行距离直接相关。该框架使我们能够充分利用世界范围内信息和通信技术(ICT)生成的大量个人数据,从而在不进行旅行调查的情况下全面模拟城市交通。

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