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Lateral transport of soil carbon and land−atmosphere CO2 flux induced by water erosion in China

机译:中国水蚀引起土壤碳和陆地-大气CO2通量的横向迁移

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摘要

Soil erosion by water impacts soil organic carbon stocks and alters CO2 fluxes exchanged with the atmosphere. The role of erosion as a net sink or source of atmospheric CO2 remains highly debated, and little information is available at scales larger than small catchments or regions. This study attempts to quantify the lateral transport of soil carbon and consequent land−atmosphere CO2 fluxes at the scale of China, where severe erosion has occurred for several decades. Based on the distribution of soil erosion rates derived from detailed national surveys and soil carbon inventories, here we show that water erosion in China displaced 180 ± 80 Mt C⋅y−1 of soil organic carbon during the last two decades, and this resulted a net land sink for atmospheric CO2 of 45 ± 25 Mt C⋅y−1, equivalent to 8–37% of the terrestrial carbon sink previously assessed in China. Interestingly, the “hotspots,” largely distributed in mountainous regions in the most intensive sink areas (>40 g C⋅m−2⋅y−1), occupy only 1.5% of the total area suffering water erosion, but contribute 19.3% to the national erosion-induced CO2 sink. The erosion-induced CO2 sink underwent a remarkable reduction of about 16% from the middle 1990s to the early 2010s, due to diminishing erosion after the implementation of large-scale soil conservation programs. These findings demonstrate the necessity of including erosion-induced CO2 in the terrestrial budget, hence reducing the level of uncertainty.
机译:水对土壤的侵蚀会影响土壤有机碳储量,并改变与大气交换的二氧化碳通量。侵蚀作为大气CO2的净汇或来源的作用仍然存在争议,而且没有比小流域或区域更大的规模的信息。这项研究试图对中国碳的横向输送量以及由此产生的陆地-大气CO2通量进行定量分析,而中国已经发生了数十年的严重侵蚀。根据详细的全国调查和土壤碳清单得出的土壤侵蚀速率分布,我们发现,在最后一刻,中国的水土流失使土壤有机碳的排放量降低了180±80 MtC⋅y −1 20年后,大气CO2的净土地吸收量为45±25 MtC⋅y -1 ,相当于先前在中国评估的陆地碳吸收量的8–37%。有趣的是,“热点”主要分布在最密集的汇区(> 40 gC⋅m -2 ⋅y -1 )的山区。遭受水蚀的总面积的百分比,但占全国由侵蚀引起的CO2汇的19.3%。从1990年代中期到2010年代初,由于侵蚀导致的CO2汇减少了约16%,这是由于实施了大规模的土壤保护计划后侵蚀减少了。这些发现表明,在地面预算中包括由侵蚀引起的二氧化碳的必要性,从而减少了不确定性。

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