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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Soilborne fungi have host affinity and host-specific effects on seed germination and survival in a lowland tropical forest
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Soilborne fungi have host affinity and host-specific effects on seed germination and survival in a lowland tropical forest

机译：土壤真菌对低地热带森林种子的萌发和存活具有寄主亲和力和寄主特异性作用

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摘要

The Janzen–Connell (JC) hypothesis provides a conceptual framework for explaining the maintenance of tree diversity in tropical forests. Its central tenet—that recruits experience high mortality near conspecifics and at high densities—assumes a degree of host specialization in interactions between plants and natural enemies. Studies confirming JC effects have focused primarily on spatial distributions of seedlings and saplings, leaving major knowledge gaps regarding the fate of seeds in soil and the specificity of the soilborne fungi that are their most important antagonists. Here we use a common garden experiment in a lowland tropical forest in Panama to show that communities of seed-infecting fungi are structured predominantly by plant species, with only minor influences of factors such as local soil type, forest characteristics, or time in soil (1–12 months). Inoculation experiments confirmed that fungi affected seed viability and germination in a host-specific manner and that effects on seed viability preceded seedling emergence. Seeds are critical components of reproduction for tropical trees, and the factors influencing their persistence, survival, and germination shape the populations of seedlings and saplings on which current perspectives regarding forest dynamics are based. Together these findings bring seed dynamics to light in the context of the JC hypothesis, implicating them directly in the processes that have emerged as critical for diversity maintenance in species-rich tropical forests.
机译：Janzen-Connell（JC）假设为解释热带森林树木多样性的维持提供了概念框架。它的中心原则（即新兵在特定物种附近和高密度时经历高死亡率）假定植物和天敌之间相互作用的宿主专长程度。证实JC效应的研究主要集中在幼苗和树苗的空间分布上，而在土壤中种子的命运和土壤传播真菌（它们是最重要的拮抗剂）的特异性方面存在重大知识空白。在这里，我们在巴拿马的低地热带森林中进行了一项常见的花园实验，以证明感染种子真菌的群落主要由植物物种构成，而对局部土壤类型，森林特征或土壤时间等因素的影响很小（ 1至12个月）。接种实验证实真菌以宿主特异性的方式影响种子的活力和发芽，并且在种子出苗之前对种子活力的影响。种子是热带树木繁殖的关键组成部分，影响其持久性，存活率和发芽的因素影响着目前有关森林动态的观点的幼苗和树苗种群。这些发现加在一起，在JC假设的背景下揭示了种子动态，将它们直接牵涉到对物种丰富的热带森林中维持多样性至关重要的过程中。

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