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Deep cultural ancestry and human development indicators across nation states

机译：民族国家的深厚文化血统和人类发展指标

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How historical connections, events and cultural proximity can influence human development is being increasingly recognized. One aspect of history that has only recently begun to be examined is deep cultural ancestry, i.e. the vertical relationships of descent between cultures, which can be represented by a phylogenetic tree of descent. Here, we test whether deep cultural ancestry predicts the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) for 44 Eurasian countries, using language ancestry as a proxy for cultural relatedness and controlling for three additional factors—geographical proximity, religion and former communism. While cultural ancestry alone predicts HDI and its subcomponents (income, health and education indices), when geographical proximity is included only income and health indices remain significant and the effect is small. When communism and religion variables are included, cultural ancestry is no longer a significant predictor; communism significantly negatively predicts HDI, income and health indices, and Muslim percentage of the population significantly negatively predicts education index, although the latter result may not be robust. These findings indicate that geographical proximity and recent cultural history—especially communism—are more important than deep cultural factors in current human development and suggest the efficacy of modern policy initiatives is not tightly constrained by cultural ancestry.
机译：人们越来越认识到历史联系，事件和文化接近性如何影响人类发展。直到最近才开始研究的历史的一个方面是深厚的文化血统，即文化之间血统的垂直关系，这可以通过系统发育的血统树来表示。在这里，我们使用语言血统作为文化相关性的代名词，并控制其他三个因素（地理接近度，宗教和前共产主义），来检验深度文化血统是否能预测44个欧亚国家的联合国人类发展指数（HDI）。虽然仅靠文化血统就可以预测人类发展指数及其子组成部分（收入，健康和教育指数），但如果将地理上的邻近性包括在内，则收入和健康指数仍然很重要，影响很小。当包括共产主义和宗教变量时，文化血统不再是一个重要的预测指标。共产主义对人类发展指数（HDI），收入和健康指数有显着负面影响，而穆斯林人口百分比显着对教育指数具有负面影响，尽管后者的结果可能并不可靠。这些发现表明，在人类当前的发展中，地理上的近距离和近期的文化历史（尤其是共产主义）比深层文化因素更为重要，并且表明现代政策举措的有效性不受文化血统的严格限制。

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