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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Royal Society Open Science >The importance of sampling standardization for comparisons of insect herbivory in deep time: a case study from the late Palaeozoic
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The importance of sampling standardization for comparisons of insect herbivory in deep time: a case study from the late Palaeozoic

机译：抽样标准化对于深时期昆虫食草学比较的重要性：以晚古生代为例

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摘要

Sampling standardization has not been fully addressed for the study of insect herbivory in the fossil record. The effects of sampling within a single locality were explored almost a decade ago, but the importance of sampling standardization for comparisons of herbivory across space and time has not yet been evaluated. Here, we present a case study from the Permian in which we evaluate the impact of sampling standardization on comparisons of insect herbivory from two localities that are similar in age and floral composition. Comparisons of insect damage type (DT) diversity change dramatically when the number of leaves examined is standardized by surface area. This finding suggests that surface area should always be taken into account for comparisons of DT diversity. In addition, the three most common metrics of herbivory—DT diversity, proportion of leaves herbivorized and proportion of leaf surface area herbivorized—are inherently decoupled from each other. The decoupling of the diversity and intensity of insect herbivory necessitates a reinterpretation of published data because they had been conflated in previous studies. Future studies should examine the divergent ecological factors that underlie these metrics. We conclude with suggestions to guide the sampling and analysis of herbivorized leaves in the fossil record.
机译：化石记录中的昆虫食草学研究尚未完全解决采样标准化问题。在大约十年前就已经探索了在单个位置进行采样的效果，但是尚未评估采样标准化对于跨时空比较食草动物的重要性。在这里，我们提供了一个来自二叠纪的案例研究，其中我们评估了抽样标准化对来自年龄和花卉组成相似的两个地方的昆虫食草比较的影响。当所检查的叶子数量通过表面积标准化时，昆虫伤害类型（DT）多样性的比较会发生巨大变化。这一发现表明，在比较DT多样性时应始终考虑表面积。此外，草食性的三个最常见的指标是DT多样性，草皮化叶的比例和草皮化叶表面积的比例-本质上是相互分离的。由于昆虫食草的多样性和强度之间的脱钩，需要重新解释已发表的数据，因为它们已被先前的研究混为一谈。未来的研究应检查构成这些指标基础的不同生态因素。最后，我们提出了一些建议，以指导化石记录中除草叶的采样和分析。

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