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Nanoparticle-based bioactive agent release systems for bone and cartilage tissue engineering

机译：用于骨骼和软骨组织工程的基于纳米颗粒的生物活性剂释放系统

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摘要

The inability to deliver bioactive agents locally in a transient but sustained manner is one of the challenges on the development of bio-functionalized scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine. The mode of release is especially relevant when the bioactive agent is a growth factor (GF), because the dose and the spatiotemporal release of such agents at the site of injury are crucial to achieve a successful outcome. Strategies that combine scaffolds and drug delivery systems have the potential to provide more effective tissue regeneration relative to current therapies. Nanoparticles (NPs) can protect the bioactive agents, control its profile, decrease the occurrence and severity of side effects and deliver the bioactive agent to the target cells maximizing its effect. Scaffolds containing NPs loaded with bioactive agents can be used for their local delivery, enabling site-specific pharmacological effects such as the induction of cell proliferation and differentiation, and, consequently, neo-tissue formation. This review aims to describe the concept of combining NPs with scaffolds, and the current efforts aiming to develop highly multi-functional bioactive agent release systems, with the emphasis on their application in TE of connective tissues.
机译：无法以瞬时但持续的方式局部递送生物活性剂是用于组织工程学（TE）和再生医学的生物功能化支架开发的挑战之一。当生物活性剂是生长因子（GF）时，释放方式尤其重要，因为这种药物在损伤部位的剂量和时空释放对于取得成功的结果至关重要。相较于目前的疗法，将支架和药物递送系统相结合的策略具有提供更有效的组织再生的潜力。纳米颗粒（NPs）可以保护生物活性剂，控制其分布，减少副作用的发生和严重性，并将生物活性剂传递至靶细胞，从而最大程度地发挥其作用。包含负载有生物活性剂的NP的支架可用于其局部递送，从而实现特定部位的药理作用，例如诱导细胞增殖和分化，从而形成新组织。这篇综述旨在描述将NP与支架相结合的概念，以及当前旨在开发高度多功能的生物活性剂释放系统的努力，重点是它们在结缔组织TE中的应用。

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