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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>SAHARA J : Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS Research Alliance >‘Public enemy no. 1’: Tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response
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‘Public enemy no. 1’: Tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response

机译：‘没有公敌。 1’：烟草业对艾滋病的资助

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This article analyzes the history of tobacco industry funding for the AIDS response – a largely ignored aspect of private donor involvement. Primary documents from the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library and AIDS organizations are analyzed, alongside existing literature on the tobacco control and AIDS responses. Research on the tactics of transnational tobacco companies has documented how they have used various charitable causes to subvert tobacco control efforts and influence public health policy. This raises questions, which this paper seeks to answer, about if donations by tobacco companies to AIDS organizations have been used for similar means, and if so how AIDS organizations have responded to tobacco industry overtures. Two examples illustrate how tobacco companies initially tried to use the AIDS response to counter tobacco control measures: (1) During the 1990s, Philip Morris, one of the largest corporate donors of the AIDS response in the USA, used its connections with AIDS organizations to create competition for health resources, improve its reputation, and market tobacco products to the LGBT community; (2) In both Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, Philip Morris and British American Tobacco championed the AIDS response in order to delegitimize efforts to develop the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. However, from the late 1990s onwards, AIDS organizations began to refuse tobacco funding and partnerships – though these policies have been not comprehensive, as many tobacco companies still fund programs in sub-Saharan Africa. The article concludes that tobacco companies aimed to exploit competition between health issues, and use the high-profile AIDS response to improve their reputation and market access. However, AIDS organizations, adhering to broader health goals and drawing on extensive resources and networks, were able to shut the tobacco industry out of much of the response, though pockets of influence still exist. This demonstrates the importance of co-operation and policy convergence across health sectors and suggests that tobacco control advocates, and other charitable sectors that receive funding from the tobacco industry, may be able to draw lessons from the experiences of AIDS organizations.
机译：本文分析了烟草业为应对艾滋病而提供资金的历史，这是私人捐助者参与的一个被忽视的方面。分析了传统烟草文献库和艾滋病组织的主要文献，以及有关烟草控制和艾滋病应对的现有文献。对跨国烟草公司策略的研究表明，他们如何利用各种慈善事业来颠覆烟草控制工作并影响公共卫生政策。这就引起了一些问题，本文试图回答这些问题：烟草公司向艾滋病组织的捐款是否已用于类似方式，以及是否如此，艾滋病组织如何响应烟草业的提议。以下两个例子说明了烟草公司最初是如何使用艾滋病应对措施来应对烟草控制措施的：（1）在1990年代，菲利普·莫里斯（Philip Morris）是美国艾滋病应对活动的最大企业捐助者之一，利用其与艾滋病组织的联系来在卫生资源方面进行竞争，提高声誉，并向LGBT社区销售烟草产品； （2）在拉丁美洲和撒哈拉以南非洲，菲利普·莫里斯（Philip Morris）和英美烟草公司都对艾滋病作出了支持，以使制定世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》的努力合法化。但是，从1990年代后期开始，艾滋病组织开始拒绝烟草资助和建立伙伴关系，尽管这些政策还不够全面，因为许多烟草公司仍在为撒哈拉以南非洲的项目提供资金。文章得出的结论是，烟草公司旨在利用健康问题之间的竞争，并利用备受瞩目的艾滋病应对措施来改善其声誉和市场准入。但是，艾滋病组织坚持更广泛的健康目标，并利用广泛的资源和网络，尽管影响力仍然存在，但仍使烟草业无法做出很大的反应。这表明了卫生部门之间合作和政策融合的重要性，并表明从烟草业获得资助的控烟倡导者和其他慈善部门也许可以从艾滋病组织的经验中吸取教训。

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