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Number detectors spontaneously emerge in a deep neural network designed for visual object recognition

机译:数字检测器自动出现在专为视觉对象识别而设计的深度神经网络中

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摘要

Humans and animals have a “number sense,” an innate capability to intuitively assess the number of visual items in a set, its numerosity. This capability implies that mechanisms to extract numerosity indwell the brain’s visual system, which is primarily concerned with visual object recognition. Here, we show that network units tuned to abstract numerosity, and therefore reminiscent of real number neurons, spontaneously emerge in a biologically inspired deep neural network that was merely trained on visual object recognition. These numerosity-tuned units underlay the network’s number discrimination performance that showed all the characteristics of human and animal number discriminations as predicted by the Weber-Fechner law. These findings explain the spontaneous emergence of the number sense based on mechanisms inherent to the visual system.
机译:人和动物具有“数字意义”,这是一种天生的能力,可以直观地评估一组视觉物品的数量,即数字。这种功能意味着提取数字的机制会滞留在大脑的视觉系统中,而视觉系统主要与视觉对象识别有关。在这里,我们显示了调整为抽象数字量的网络单元,因此让人联想到实数神经元,它们是在受到生物学启发的深层神经网络中自发出现的,该网络仅接受视觉对象识别方面的训练。这些由数字调节的单位奠定了网络的数字歧视性能的基础,该性能表现出韦伯-费希纳定律所预测的人类和动物数字歧视的所有特征。这些发现说明了基于视觉系统固有机制的数字感的自发出现。

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