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Use of Naturally Available Reference Targets to Calibrate Airborne Laser Scanning Intensity Data

机译:使用天然可用的参考靶标校准机载激光扫描强度数据

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摘要

We have studied the possibility of calibrating airborne laser scanning (ALS) intensity data, using land targets typically available in urban areas. For this purpose, a test area around Espoonlahti Harbor, Espoo, Finland, for which a long time series of ALS campaigns is available, was selected. Different target samples (beach sand, concrete, asphalt, different types of gravel) were collected and measured in the laboratory. Using tarps, which have certain backscattering properties, the natural samples were calibrated and studied, taking into account the atmospheric effect, incidence angle and flying height. Using data from different flights and altitudes, a time series for the natural samples was generated. Studying the stability of the samples, we could obtain information on the most ideal types of natural targets for ALS radiometric calibration. Using the selected natural samples as reference, the ALS points of typical land targets were calibrated again and examined. Results showed the need for more accurate ground reference data, before using natural samples in ALS intensity data calibration. Also, the NIR camera-based field system was used for collecting ground reference data. This system proved to be a good means for collecting in situ reference data, especially for targets with inhomogeneous surface reflection properties.
机译:我们已经研究了使用市区中通常可用的土地目标来校准机载激光扫描(ALS)强度数据的可能性。为此,选择了芬兰埃斯波Espoonlahti港周围的一个测试区域,针对该区域可以进行长期的ALS运动。在实验室中收集并测量了不同的目标样品(沙滩,混凝土,沥青,不同类型的砾石)。使用具有一定反向散射特性的防水布,在考虑了大气效应,入射角和飞行高度的情况下,对天然样品进行了校准和研究。使用来自不同飞行和高度的数据,生成了自然样本的时间序列。研究样品的稳定性,我们可以获得有关ALS辐射校准最理想自然目标类型的信息。使用选定的自然样本作为参考,再次校准并检查典型陆地目标的ALS点。结果表明,在使用自然样本进行ALS强度数据校准之前,需要更准确的地面参考数据。同样,基于近红外相机的现场系统也用于收集地面参考数据。该系统被证明是收集原位参考数据的好方法,特别是对于具有不均匀表面反射特性的目标。

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