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A Fault Tolerance Mechanism for On-Road Sensor Networks

机译：道路传感器网络的容错机制

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摘要

On-Road Sensor Networks (ORSNs) play an important role in capturing traffic flow data for predicting short-term traffic patterns, driving assistance and self-driving vehicles. However, this kind of network is prone to large-scale communication failure if a few sensors physically fail. In this paper, to ensure that the network works normally, an effective fault-tolerance mechanism for ORSNs which mainly consists of backup on-road sensor deployment, redundant cluster head deployment and an adaptive failure detection and recovery method is proposed. Firstly, based on the N − x principle and the sensors’ failure rate, this paper formulates the backup sensor deployment problem in the form of a two-objective optimization, which explains the trade-off between the cost and fault resumption. In consideration of improving the network resilience further, this paper introduces a redundant cluster head deployment model according to the coverage constraint. Then a common solving method combining integer-continuing and sequential quadratic programming is explored to determine the optimal location of these two deployment problems. Moreover, an Adaptive Detection and Resume (ADR) protocol is deigned to recover the system communication through route and cluster adjustment if there is a backup on-road sensor mismatch. The final experiments show that our proposed mechanism can achieve an average 90% recovery rate and reduce the average number of failed sensors at most by 35.7%.
机译：道路传感器网络（ORSN）在捕获交通流数据以预测短期交通模式，驾驶辅助和自动驾驶车辆方面发挥着重要作用。但是，如果一些传感器物理故障，则这种网络很容易发生大规模通信故障。为了保证网络的正常运行，提出了一种有效的ORSN容错机制，该机制主要包括备用路传传感器部署，冗余簇头部署和自适应故障检测与恢复方法。首先，基于N-x原理和传感器的故障率，本文以两目标优化的形式阐述了备用传感器的部署问题，从而说明了成本与故障恢复之间的权衡。考虑到进一步提高网络弹性，本文根据覆盖范围的约束引入了冗余的簇头部署模型。然后，探索了一种将整数连续和顺序二次规划相结合的通用求解方法，以确定这两个部署问题的最佳位置。此外，如果存在备用的道路传感器不匹配，则设计一种自适应检测和恢复（ADR）协议以通过路由和群集调整来恢复系统通信。最终实验表明，我们提出的机制可以实现平均90％的恢复率，并且最多将故障传感器的平均数量减少35.7％。

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