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Review and Evaluation of MAC Protocols for Satellite IoT Systems Using Nanosatellites

机译：审查和评估使用纳米卫星的卫星物联网系统的MAC协议

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摘要

Extending the internet of things (IoT) networks to remote areas under extreme conditions or for serving sometimes unpredictable mobile applications has increased the need for satellite technology to provide effective connectivity. However, existent medium access control (MAC) protocols deployed in commercial satellite networks were not designed to offer scalable solutions for the increasing number of devices predicted for IoT in the near future, nor do they consider other specific IoT characteristics. In particular, CubeSats—a low-cost solution for space technology—have the potential to become a wireless access network for the IoT, if additional requirements, including simplicity and low demands in processing, storage, and energy consumption are incorporated into MAC protocol design for satellite IoT systems. Here we review MAC protocols employed or proposed for satellite systems and evaluate their performance considering the IoT scenario along with the trend of using CubeSats for IoT connectivity. Criteria include channel load, throughput, energy efficiency, and complexity. We have found that Aloha-based protocols and interference cancellation-based protocols stand out on some of the performance metrics. However, the tradeoffs among communications performance, energy consumption, and complexity require improvements in future designs, for which we identify specific challenges and open research areas for MAC protocols deployed with next low-cost nanosatellite IoT systems.
机译：在极端条件下或为了有时无法预测的移动应用程序将物联网（IoT）网络扩展到偏远地区，对卫星技术提供有效连接的需求日益增加。但是，部署在商业卫星网络中的现有媒体访问控制（MAC）协议并非旨在为不久的将来针对IoT预测的设备数量增加提供可扩展的解决方案，也没有考虑其他特定的IoT特性。尤其是，如果MAC协议设计中纳入了简单性和处理，存储和能耗低等其他要求，那么CubeSats（一种用于太空技术的低成本解决方案）就有可能成为IoT的无线接入网络。用于卫星物联网系统。在这里，我们将回顾为卫星系统采用或提议的MAC协议，并考虑到IoT场景以及将CubeSat用于IoT连接的趋势，评估其性能。标准包括信道负载，吞吐量，能效和复杂性。我们发现基于Aloha的协议和基于干扰消除的协议在某些性能指标上脱颖而出。但是，要在通信性能，能耗和复杂性之间进行权衡，就需要在未来的设计中进行改进，为此我们要确定特定的挑战，并为在下一代低成本纳米卫星IoT系统中部署的MAC协议开放研究领域。

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