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A Multi-Path Compensation Method for Ranging in Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor Networks for Human Gait Analysis

机译：用于人体步态分析的可穿戴超声传感器网络测距的多路径补偿方法

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摘要

Gait analysis in unrestrained environments can be done with a single wearable ultrasonic sensor node on the lower limb and four fixed anchor nodes. The accuracy demanded by such systems is very high. Chirp signals can provide better ranging and localization performance in ultrasonic systems. However, we cannot neglect the multi-path effect in typical indoor environments for ultrasonic signals. The multi-path components closer to the line of sight component cannot be identified during correlation reception which leads to errors in the estimated range and which in turn affects the localization and tracking performance. We propose a novel method to reduce the multi-path effect in ultrasonic sensor networks in typical indoor environments. A gait analysis system with one mobile node attached to the lower limb was designed to test the performance of the proposed system during an indoor treadmill walking experiment. An optical motion capture system was used as a benchmark for the experiments. The proposed method gave better tracking accuracy compared to conventional coherent receivers. The static measurements gave 2.45 mm standard deviation compared to 10.45 mm using the classical approach. The RMSE between the ultrasonic gait analysis system and the reference system improved from 28.70 mm to 22.28 mm. The gait analysis system gave good performance for extraction of spatial and temporal parameters.
机译：可以使用下肢上的单个可穿戴超声传感器节点和四个固定的锚定节点来进行不受约束的环境中的步态分析。这种系统要求的精度非常高。线性调频信号可以在超声系统中提供更好的测距和定位性能。但是，我们不能忽略典型室内环境中超声信号的多径效应。在相关接收期间无法识别出更靠近视线分量的多径分量，这会导致估计范围内的误差，进而影响定位和跟踪性能。我们提出一种新颖的方法来减少典型室内环境中超声传感器网络中的多径效应。设计了一个步态分析系统，该系统具有一个连接到下肢的移动节点，以在室内跑步机步行实验中测试所提出系统的性能。光学运动捕获系统被用作实验的基准。与常规相干接收机相比，所提出的方法具有更好的跟踪精度。静态测量得出的标准偏差为2.45 mm，而传统方法为10.45 mm。超声步态分析系统和参考系统之间的RMSE从28.70毫米提高到22.28毫米。步态分析系统为提取空间和时间参数提供了良好的性能。

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