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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Sensors (Basel Switzerland) >Real-Time Healthcare Data Transmission for Remote Patient Monitoring in Patch-Based Hybrid OCC/BLE Networks
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Real-Time Healthcare Data Transmission for Remote Patient Monitoring in Patch-Based Hybrid OCC/BLE Networks

机译：基于补丁的OCC / BLE混合网络中用于远程病人监护的实时医疗数据传输

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Research on electronic healthcare (eHealth) systems has increased dramatically in recent years. eHealth represents a significant example of the application of the Internet of Things (IoT), characterized by its cost effectiveness, increased reliability, and minimal human effort in nursing assistance. The remote monitoring of patients through a wearable sensing network has outstanding potential in current healthcare systems. Such a network can continuously monitor the vital health conditions (such as heart rate variability, blood pressure, glucose level, and oxygen saturation) of patients with chronic diseases. Low-power radio-frequency (RF) technologies, especially Bluetooth low energy (BLE), play significant roles in modern healthcare. However, most of the RF spectrum is licensed and regulated, and the effect of RF on human health is of major concern. Moreover, the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio in high distance can be decreased to a considerable extent, possibly leading to the increase in bit-error rate. Optical camera communication (OCC), which uses a camera to receive data from a light-emitting diode (LED), can be utilized in eHealth to mitigate the limitations of RF. However, OCC also has several limitations, such as high signal-blockage probability. Therefore, in this study, a hybrid OCC/BLE system is proposed to ensure efficient, remote, and real-time transmission of a patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG) signal to a monitor. First, a patch circuit integrating an LED array and BLE transmitter chip is proposed. The patch collects the ECG data according to the health condition of the patient to minimize power consumption. Second, a network selection algorithm is developed for a new network access request generated in the patch circuit. Third, fuzzy logic is employed to select an appropriate camera for data reception. Fourth, a handover mechanism is suggested to ensure efficient network allocation considering the patient’s mobility. Finally, simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance and reliability of the proposed system.
机译：近年来，对电子医疗（eHealth）系统的研究急剧增加。 eHealth代表了物联网（IoT）应用的一个重要例子，其特点是其成本效益，可靠性提高以及在护理协助方面的人力最少。通过可穿戴传感网络对患者进行远程监视在当前的医疗系统中具有巨大的潜力。这样的网络可以连续监测患有慢性疾病的患者的重要健康状况（例如心率变异性，血压，葡萄糖水平和血氧饱和度）。低功率射频（RF）技术，尤其是蓝牙低功耗（BLE）技术，在现代医疗保健中发挥着重要作用。但是，大多数射频频谱均已获得许可和监管，因此射频对人体健康的影响值得关注。而且，在远距离中的信噪比干扰比可以大大降低，可能导致误码率的增加。光学照相机通信（OCC）使用照相机从发光二极管（LED）接收数据，可以在eHealth中使用，以减轻RF的限制。但是，OCC也有一些局限性，例如高信号阻塞概率。因此，在这项研究中，提出了一种混合式OCC / BLE系统，以确保将患者的心电图（ECG）信号高效，远程和实时传输到监视器。首先，提出了一种将LED阵列和BLE发射器芯片集成在一起的贴片电路。贴片会根据患者的健康状况收集ECG数据，以最大程度地降低功耗。其次，针对补丁电路中生成的新网络访问请求，开发了网络选择算法。第三，采用模糊逻辑来选择合适的摄像机进行数据接收。第四，建议一种切换机制，以考虑到患者的移动性来确保有效的网络分配。最后，进行仿真以证明所提出系统的性能和可靠性。

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