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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE >Rodent Working Heart Model for the Study of Myocardial Performance and Oxygen Consumption
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Rodent Working Heart Model for the Study of Myocardial Performance and Oxygen Consumption

机译：啮齿动物工作心脏模型用于研究心肌性能和耗氧量

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Isolated working heart models have been used to understand the effects of loading conditions, heart rate and medications on myocardial performance in ways that cannot be accomplished in vivo. For example, inotropic medications commonly also affect preload and afterload, precluding load-independent assessments of their myocardial effects in vivo. Additionally, this model allows for sampling of coronary sinus effluent without contamination from systemic venous return, permitting assessment of myocardial oxygen consumption. Further, the advent of miniaturized pressure-volume catheters has allowed for the precise quantification of markers of both systolic and diastolic performance. We describe a model in which the left ventricle can be studied while performing both volume and pressure work under controlled conditions. In this technique, the heart and lungs of a Sprague-Dawley rat (weight 300-500 g) are removed en bloc under general anesthesia. The aorta is dissected free and cannulated for retrograde perfusion with oxygenated Krebs buffer. The pulmonary arteries and veins are ligated and the lungs removed from the preparation. The left atrium is then incised and cannulated using a separate venous cannula, attached to a preload block. Once this is determined to be leak-free, the left heart is loaded and retrograde perfusion stopped, creating the working heart model. The pulmonary artery is incised and cannulated for collection of coronary effluent and determination of myocardial oxygen consumption. A pressure-volume catheter is placed into the left ventricle either retrograde or through apical puncture. If desired, atrial pacing wires can be placed for more precise control of heart rate. This model allows for precise control of preload (using a left atrial pressure block), afterload (using an afterload block), heart rate (using pacing wires) and oxygen tension (using oxygen mixtures within the perfusate).
机译：孤立的工作心脏模型已被用于了解负荷状况，心率和药物对心肌性能的影响，而这种方法无法在体内完成。例如，正性肌力药物通常还会影响前负荷和后负荷，从而排除了对其体内心肌作用的负荷独立评估。此外，该模型可对冠状窦流出物进行采样，而不会受到系统静脉回流的污染，从而可评估心肌耗氧量。此外，小型化的容积式导管的出现允许对收缩和舒张性能指标的精确定量。我们描述了一个模型，在该模型中，可以在受控条件下执行容积和压力工作的同时研究左心室。在这项技术中，在全身麻醉下将Sprague-Dawley大鼠（体重300-500 g）的心脏和肺部整体取出。游离解剖主动脉，并用含氧的克雷布斯缓冲液插管进行逆行灌注。结扎肺动脉和静脉，并从制剂中取出肺。然后切开左心房，并使用连接至预紧块的单独静脉套管进行插管。一旦确定无渗漏，就对左心脏进行加载并停止逆行灌注，从而创建工作心脏模型。切开并插入肺动脉以收集冠状流出物并确定心肌耗氧量。将容积式导管逆行或通过顶端穿刺置于左心室。如果需要，可以放置心房起搏线，以更精确地控制心率。该模型可以精确控制预负荷（使用左心房压力块），后负荷（使用后负荷块），心率（使用起搏线）和氧气张力（使用灌注液中的氧气混合物）。

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