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Modification of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Using Microorganisms Isolated from Environmental Samples

机译:使用从环境样品中分离的微生物对霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐酚进行修饰

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摘要

The trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common contaminant of wheat, barley, and maize. New strategies are needed to reduce or eliminate DON in feed and food products. Microorganisms from plant and soil samples collected in Blacksburg, VA, USA, were screened by incubation in a mineral salt media containing 100 μg/mL DON and analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Two mixed cultures derived from soil samples consistently decreased DON levels in assays using DON as the sole carbon source. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicated that 3-keto-4-deoxynivalenol was the major by-product of DON. Via 16S rRNA sequencing, these mixed cultures, including mostly members of the genera Acinetobacter, Leadbetterella, and Gemmata, were revealed. Incubation of one of these mixed cultures with wheat samples naturally contaminated with 7.1 μg/mL DON indicated nearly complete conversion of DON to the less toxic 3-epimer-DON (3-epi-DON). Our work extends previous studies that have demonstrated the potential for bioprospecting for microorganisms from the environment to remediate or modify mycotoxins for commercial applications, such as the reduction of mycotoxins in fuel ethanol co-products.
机译:天花粉真菌毒素脱氧雪腐酚(DON)是小麦,大麦和玉米的常见污染物。需要采取新的策略来减少或消除饲料和食品中的DON。通过在含有100μg/ mL DON的无机盐培养基中孵育并通过气相色谱质谱(GC / MS)分析,筛选了从美国弗吉尼亚州布莱克斯堡收集的植物和土壤样品中的微生物。在使用DON作为唯一碳源的试验中,两种来自土壤样品的混合培养物持续降低DON水平。核磁共振(NMR)分析表明,3-酮-4-脱氧雪腐酚是DON的主要副产物。通过16S rRNA测序,发现了这些混合培养物,包括不动杆菌属,Leadbetterella和Gemmata属的大部分成员。将这些混合培养物中的一种与天然被7.1μg/ mL DON污染的小麦样品一起孵育,表明DON几乎完全转化为毒性较低的3-epimer-DON(3-epi-DON)。我们的工作扩展了以前的研究,这些研究已经证明了对环境中的微生物进行生物勘探以补救或修饰真菌毒素以用于商业应用的潜力,例如减少燃料乙醇副产物中的真菌毒素。

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