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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Trends in Hearing >The Noise Exposure Structured Interview (NESI): An Instrument for theComprehensive Estimation of Lifetime Noise Exposure
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The Noise Exposure Structured Interview (NESI): An Instrument for theComprehensive Estimation of Lifetime Noise Exposure

机译：噪声暴露结构访谈（NESI）：终生噪声暴露的综合估计

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Lifetime noise exposure is generally quantified by self-report. The accuracy of retrospective self-report is limited by respondent recall but is also bound to be influenced by reporting procedures. Such procedures are of variable quality in current measures of lifetime noise exposure, and off-the-shelf instruments are not readily available. The Noise Exposure Structured Interview (NESI) represents an attempt to draw together some of the stronger elements of existing procedures and to provide solutions to their outstanding limitations. Reporting is not restricted to prespecified exposure activities and instead encompasses all activities that the respondent has experienced as noisy (defined based on sound level estimated from vocal effort). Changing exposure habits over time are reported by dividing the lifespan into discrete periods in which exposure habits were approximately stable, with life milestones used to aid recall. Exposure duration, sound level, and use of hearing protection are reported for each life period separately. Simple-to-follow methods are provided for the estimation of free-field sound level, the sound level emitted by personal listening devices, and the attenuation provided by hearing protective equipment. An energy-based means of combining the resulting data is supplied, along with a primarilyenergy-based method for incorporating firearm-noise exposure. Finally, the NESIacknowledges the need of some users to tailor the procedures; this flexibilityis afforded, and reasonable modifications are described. Competency needs of newusers are addressed through detailed interview instructions (includingtroubleshooting tips) and a demonstration video. Limited evaluation data areavailable, and future efforts at evaluation are proposed.
机译：终身噪声暴露通常通过自我报告来量化。回顾性自我报告的准确性受受访者回忆的限制，但也必然会受到报告程序的影响。在当前的终身噪声暴露量度中，此类程序的质量参差不齐，并且现成的仪器并不容易获得。噪声暴露结构化访谈（NESI）表示试图将现有程序的一些更强要素合并在一起，并为解决其突出局限性提供解决方案。报告不仅限于预先指定的暴露活动，还包括被调查者经历过的所有嘈杂的活动（根据声音努力估计的声音水平进行定义）。通过将寿命分成不连续的时期来报告随时间变化的暴露习惯，在此期间，暴露习惯大致稳定，并使用生命里程碑来帮助回忆。分别报告每个生命周期的暴露时间，声级和听力保护功能。提供了一种简单易用的方法来估计自由场声级，个人监听设备发出的声级以及听力保护设备提供的衰减。提供了一种基于能量的方法将结果数据进行组合的方法，以及基于能量的方法结合枪支噪声暴露。最后，NESI承认某些用户需要调整程序；这种灵活性提供，并描述了合理的修改。新的能力需求通过详细的采访说明（包括故障排除提示）和演示视频。有限的评估数据是可用，并提出了今后的评估工作。

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