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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease >Elimination of Schistosomiasis Mekongi from Endemic Areas in Cambodia and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Current Status and Plans
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Elimination of Schistosomiasis Mekongi from Endemic Areas in Cambodia and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Current Status and Plans

机译：从柬埔寨和老挝人民民主共和国的流行地区消除血吸虫病：现状和计划

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摘要

The areas endemic for schistosomiasis in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and in Cambodia were first reported 50 and 60 years ago, respectively. However, the causative parasite Schistosoma mekongi was not recognized as a separate species until 1978. The infection is distributed along a limited part of the Mekong River, regulated by the focal distribution of the intermediate snail host Neotricula aperta. Although more sensitive diagnostics imply a higher figure, the current use of stool examinations suggests that only about 1500 people are presently infected. This well-characterized setting should offer an exemplary potential for the elimination of the disease from its endemic areas; yet, the local topography, reservoir animals, and a dearth of safe water sources make transmission control a challenge. Control activities based on mass drug administration resulted in strong advances, and prevalence was reduced to less than 5% according to stool microscopy. Even so, transmission continues unabated, and the true number of infected people could be as much as 10 times higher than reported. On-going control activities are discussed together with plans for the future.
机译：老挝人民民主共和国和柬埔寨的血吸虫病流行地区分别于50年前和60年前首次报道。然而，直到1978年，致病性寄生虫湄公血吸虫才被确认为是单独的物种。感染是沿着湄公河的有限区域分布的，受中间蜗牛宿主寄主新细孔菌的分布所调节。尽管更敏感的诊断意味着更高的数字，但目前对粪便检查的使用表明，目前仅约1500人被感染。这种特征充分的环境应为从疾病的流行地区消除该疾病提供示范潜力。然而，当地的地形，水库动物和缺乏安全的水源使传输控制成为一个挑战。基于大剂量药物的控制活动取得了长足的进步，根据粪便显微镜检查，其患病率降低到了5％以下。即便如此，传播仍在继续，而且感染者的真实人数可能比报道的人数高10倍之多。讨论了正在进行的控制活动以及未来的计划。

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