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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease >Sowing the Seeds of a Pandemic? Mammalian Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of H1 Variant Influenza Viruses from the Swine Reservoir
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Sowing the Seeds of a Pandemic? Mammalian Pathogenicity and Transmissibility of H1 Variant Influenza Viruses from the Swine Reservoir

机译：播下大流行的种子？猪水库中H1变异流感病毒的哺乳动物致病性和传播性

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摘要

Emergence of genetically and antigenically diverse strains of influenza to which the human population has no or limited immunity necessitates continuous risk assessments to determine the likelihood of these viruses acquiring adaptations that facilitate sustained human-to-human transmission. As the North American swine H1 virus population has diversified over the last century by means of both antigenic drift and shift, in vivo assessments to study multifactorial traits like mammalian pathogenicity and transmissibility of these emerging influenza viruses are critical. In this review, we examine genetic, molecular, and pathogenicity and transmissibility data from a panel of contemporary North American H1 subtype swine-origin viruses isolated from humans, as compared to H1N1 seasonal and pandemic viruses, including the reconstructed 1918 virus. We present side-by-side analyses of experiments performed in the mouse and ferret models using consistent experimental protocols to facilitate enhanced interpretation of in vivo data. Contextualizing these analyses in a broader context permits a greater appreciation of the role that in vivo risk assessment experiments play in pandemic preparedness. Collectively, we find that despite strain-specific heterogeneity among swine-origin H1 viruses, contemporary swine viruses isolated from humans possess many attributes shared by prior pandemic strains, warranting heightened surveillance and evaluation of these zoonotic viruses.
机译：人群没有或仅有有限免疫力的流感病毒的遗传和抗原变异株的出现，需要进行连续的风险评估，以确定这些病毒获得促进持续的人对人传播的适应性的可能性。上个世纪以来，由于北美猪H1病毒种群通过抗原漂移和转移而多样化，因此对这些新兴流感病毒的哺乳动物致病性和传播性等多因素性状进行体内评估至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们研究了从人类分离出的当代北美H1亚型猪源病毒组中的遗传，分子，致病性和可传播性数据，并与包括重建的1918病毒在内的H1N1季节性和大流行性病毒进行了比较。我们提出了使用一致的实验方案在小鼠和雪貂模型中进行的实验的并排分析，以促进对体内数据的增强解释。在更广泛的背景下对这些分析进行背景分析，可以更好地了解体内风险评估实验在大流行防范中的作用。总的来说，我们发现尽管猪源H1病毒之间存在特定的菌株异质性，但从人类分离出的当代猪病毒具有以前的大流行病毒株共有的许多属性，因此需要加强对这些人畜共患病毒的监测和评估。

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