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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Veterinary Sciences >Effects of Age and Environment on Adaptive Immune Responses to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) Vaccination in Dairy Goats in Relation to Paratuberculosis Control Strategies
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Effects of Age and Environment on Adaptive Immune Responses to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) Vaccination in Dairy Goats in Relation to Paratuberculosis Control Strategies

机译：年龄和环境对禽分枝杆菌亚种的适应性免疫反应的影响。乳山羊副结核病（MAP）疫苗接种与副结核病控制策略的关系

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Paratuberculosis infection is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). In the Netherlands, 75% herd level prevalence of caprine paratuberculosis has been estimated, and vaccination is the principal control strategy applied. Most goat dairy farms with endemic paratuberculosis systematically vaccinate goat kids in the first months of life with a commercially available whole cell MAP vaccine. We hypothesized that the development of adaptive immune responses in goats vaccinated at young age depends on the environment they are raised in, and this has implications for the application of immune diagnostic tests in vaccinated dairy goats. We evaluated the early immune response to vaccination in young goat kids sourced from a MAP unsuspected non-vaccinated herd and raised in a MAP-free environment. Subsequently we compared these with responses observed in birth year and vaccination matched adult goats raised on farms with endemic paratuberculosis. Results indicated that initial adaptive immune responses to vaccination are limited in a MAP-free environment. In addition, adult antibody positive vaccinated goats raised in a MAP endemic environment are less likely to be IS900 PCR-positive as compared to antibody negative herd mates. We conclude that test-and-cull strategies in a vaccinated herd are currently not feasible using available immune diagnostic tests.
机译：副结核杆菌感染是由鸟分枝杆菌亚种引起的。副结核病（MAP）。在荷兰，据估计山羊副结核病的畜群水平流行率为75％，接种疫苗是应用的主要控制策略。大多数患有地方性副结核病的山羊奶牛场，在生命的最初几个月中都使用市售的全细胞MAP疫苗系统地为山羊儿童接种疫苗。我们假设在年轻时接种山羊的适应性免疫应答的发展取决于它们所处的环境，这对免疫诊断测试在接种过的奶山羊中的应用有影响。我们评估了来自未接种MAP的未接种牛群并在无MAP的环境中饲养的幼山羊儿童对疫苗接种的早期免疫反应。随后，我们将这些与出生年份观察到的反应进行了比较，接种疫苗与在地方性副结核病农场饲养的成年山羊相匹配。结果表明，在没有MAP的环境中，最初对疫苗的适应性免疫反应受到限制。此外，与抗体阴性的成年伴侣相比，在MAP流行环境中饲养的成年抗体阳性的接种山羊不太可能是IS900 PCR阳性的。我们得出的结论是，使用可用的免疫诊断测试，在接种牛群中进行测试和剔除策略目前不可行。

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