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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>ZooKeys >Species rediscovery or lucky endemic? Looking for the supposed missing species Leistuspunctatissimus through a biogeographer’s eye (Coleoptera Carabidae)
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Species rediscovery or lucky endemic? Looking for the supposed missing species Leistuspunctatissimus through a biogeographer’s eye (Coleoptera Carabidae)

机译：物种重新发现还是幸运的地方性物种？寻找所谓的失踪物种Leistus通过生物地理学家的眼睛点刺（鞘翅目甲科）

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Is it correct to look for a supposedly missing species by focusing research at the type locality? A species can be declared extinct because for an unusual amount of time it has not been seen again; however, in the frame of the climate change it is likely that a supposedly missing species is a lucky survivor not seen because it was not searched for in the correct environment. We used the strictly endemic Leistus punctatissimus Breit, 1914 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) as the case study for testing the latter hypothesis vs. the type locality approach. On the basis of past unsuccessful searches in the Dolomites (a mountain range in the eastern Alps, Italy) driven by the type locality approach, a study area was selected where climate change may have exerted environmental constraints on endemic species. Five pitfall traps were used in each of seven sample sites, at an average altitude of 2600 m a.s.l., within a high altitude alpine plateau covered by scarce patchy vegetation. Leistus punctatissimus was rediscovered, far from its type locality, after one hundred years since its first collection. It was part of a group of species well adapted to the extreme ecological factors of the alpine environments above the vegetation line. Following a biogeographical approach (i.e., the biogeographer’s eye rather than the collector’s eye) it was possible to find an endemic species of the alpine ecological landscape in places from where it probably had never disappeared. The supposed refugial area was a nunatak during the last glacial period, where Leistus punctatissimus found suitable habitat conditions, and from where it alternated between downward and uphill changes in its distribution range after the last glacial period, under the effect of climate change. From such a perspective, it can be concluded that the type locality may be the wrong place to look for a supposedly extinct species.
机译：通过将研究集中在类型局部上来寻找可能缺少的物种是否正确？可以宣布一个物种已灭绝，因为在很长一段时间内都没有再次看到它。然而，在气候变化的框架内，一个据称缺失的物种很可能是幸运的幸存者，因为没有在正确的环境中寻找该物种而没有被发现。我们使用1914年严格流行的Leistus punctatissimus Breit（鞘翅目，Carabidae）作为案例研究来检验后一种假设与类型局部性方法。基于过去通过类型局限性方法在白云岩（意大利东部阿尔卑斯山的山脉）中搜索失败的基础，选择了一个研究区域，其中气候变化可能对特有物种施加了环境限制。在七个高海拔高山高原上，稀疏的斑驳植被覆盖着七个平均高度为2600 m a.s.l.的七个采样点，每个采样点都使用了五个陷阱陷阱。自首次收集以来已有一百年的历史，发现了点状Leistus punctatissimus。它是一组物种的一部分，非常适合植被线以上的高山环境的极端生态因素。按照生物地理学的方法（即，生物地理学家的眼睛而不是收藏家的眼睛），可以在可能从未消失过的地方找到高山生态景观的特有物种。假设的避难区是上一个冰川期的努纳塔克地区，那里的Leistus punctatissimus找到了合适的栖息地条件，并在气候变化的影响下，从上一个冰川期之后分布范围的向下和向上变化交替。从这种角度来看，可以得出结论，类型局部性可能是寻找据认为已灭绝物种的错误地方。

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