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Tissue Engineering: Understanding the Role of Biomaterials and Biophysical Forces on Cell Functionality Through Computational and Structural Biotechnology Analytical Methods

机译:组织工程:通过计算和结构生物技术分析方法了解生物材料和生物物理力对细胞功能的作用

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摘要

Within the past 25 years, tissue engineering (TE) has grown enormously as a science and as an industry. Although classically concerned with the recapitulation of tissue and organ formation in our body for regenerative medicine, the evolution of TE research is intertwined with progress in other fields through the examination of cell function and behaviour in isolated biomimetic microenvironments. As such, TE applications now extend beyond the field of tissue regeneration research, operating as a platform for modifiable, physiologically-representative in vitro models with the potential to improve the translation of novel therapeutics into the clinic through a more informed understanding of the relevant molecular biology, structural biology, anatomy, and physiology. By virtue of their biomimicry, TE constructs incorporate features of extracellular macrostructure, molecular adhesive moieties, and biomechanical properties, converging with computational and structural biotechnology advances. Accordingly, this mini-review serves to contextualise TE for the computational and structural biotechnology reader and provides an outlook on how the disciplines overlap with respect to relevant advanced analytical applications.
机译:在过去的25年中,组织工程学(TE)作为一门科学和一个行业已取得了巨大的发展。尽管传统上与再生医学有关的是人体中组织和器官形成的概述,但TE研究的进展与其他领域的进展息息相关,通过检查孤立的仿生微环境中的细胞功能和行为来进行研究。因此,TE的应用现已超出组织再生研究的领域,可作为可修改的,具有生理学代表性的体外模型的平台,有可能通过对相关分子的更全面了解,来改善新型疗法向临床的转化生物学,结构生物学,解剖学和生理学。通过其仿生技术,TE构建体具有细胞外宏观结构,分子粘附部分和生物力学特性的特征,与计算和结构生物技术的发展相融合。因此,这份小型综述有助于为计算和结构生物技术读者提供TE的背景信息,并就相关高级分析应用领域的学科如何重叠提供了展望。

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