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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Cells >Intermediate Filaments as Effectors of Cancer Development and Metastasis: A Focus on Keratins Vimentin and Nestin
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Intermediate Filaments as Effectors of Cancer Development and Metastasis: A Focus on Keratins Vimentin and Nestin

机译：中间丝作为癌症发展和转移的效应器：专注于角蛋白波形蛋白和巢蛋白。

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Intermediate filament (IF) proteins make up the largest family of cytoskeletal proteins in metazoans, and are traditionally known for their roles in fostering structural integrity in cells and tissues. Remarkably, individual IF genes are tightly regulated in a fashion that reflects the type of tissue, its developmental and differentiation stages, and biological context. In cancer, IF proteins serve as diagnostic markers, as tumor cells partially retain their original signature expression of IF proteins. However, there are also characteristic alterations in IF gene expression and protein regulation. The use of high throughput analytics suggests that tumor-associated alterations in IF gene expression have prognostic value. Parallel research is also showing that IF proteins directly and significantly impact several key cellular properties, including proliferation, death, migration, and invasiveness, with a demonstrated impact on the development, progression, and characteristics of various tumors. In this review, we draw from recent studies focused on three IF proteins most associated with cancer (keratins, vimentin, and nestin) to highlight how several “hallmarks of cancer” described by Hanahan and Weinberg are impacted by IF proteins. The evidence already in hand establishes that IF proteins function beyond their classical roles as markers and serve as effectors of tumorigenesis.
机译：中间丝（IF）蛋白质构成后生动物中最大的细胞骨架蛋白质家族，传统上以其在促进细胞和组织中结构完整性方面的作用而闻名。值得注意的是，单个IF基因以反映组织类型，其发育和分化阶段以及生物学环境的方式受到严格调节。在癌症中，IF蛋白可作为诊断标记，因为肿瘤细胞部分保留了IF蛋白的原始标记表达。但是，IF基因表达和蛋白质调控也存在特征性改变。高通量分析的使用表明，IF基因表达中与肿瘤相关的改变具有预后价值。平行研究还显示，IF蛋白直接且显着影响几种关键细胞特性，包括增殖，死亡，迁移和侵袭性，并已证明对多种肿瘤的发生，发展和特征具有影响。在这篇综述中，我们从近期针对三种与癌症最相关的IF蛋白（角蛋白，波形蛋白和巢蛋白）的研究中得出，以突出Hanahan和Weinberg描述的几种“癌症标志”如何受到IF蛋白的影响。现有的证据表明，IF蛋白的功能超出了其作为标记的经典作用，并充当了肿瘤发生的效应器。

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