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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Selecting hyperparasites for biocontrol of Dutch elm disease
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Selecting hyperparasites for biocontrol of Dutch elm disease

机译：选择高寄生虫对荷兰榆病进行生物防治

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Hyperparasites in the form of cytoplasmic RNA elements have been proposed as a biological control agent for Dutch elm disease. We characterized the range of outcomes likely to follow the introduction of such an agent by modelling the resultant population dynamics as an ecological interaction between the wild, 'target', fungus and the hyperparasitized 'control' fungus. We used data from the 1970s epidemic of Dutch elm disease in the UK to parameterize the population dynamics of the target fungus, and considered the success of control across a wide range of possibilities for the lethality and transmissibility of the modified control fungus. We decomposed hyperparasite transmissibility into horizontal transmissibility (the ability to colonize previously unparasitized target fungal hosts) and vertical transmissibility (the ability of control fungus to establish new colonies). There is an invasion threshold for both horizontal and vertical transmissibility. As vertical transmission is further increased, there is another threshold at which the target fungus is eradicated because of competitive exclusion by the control fungus. In contrast, eradication by raising horizontal transmission may never succeed because the target fungus needs to be present to support new cases through this route. Between these two thresholds for invasion and exclusion, control and target fungus may coexist. Using a stochastic, spatially extended model, we showed that predictions of success based on high competitive ability of the control fungus (i.e. high vertical transmission) are likely to be more robust than those based on the high degree to which the control fungus can cause target fungus to be hyperparasitized (i.e. high horizontal transmission).
机译：已经提出以细胞质RNA元件形式的高寄生虫作为荷兰榆病的生物防治剂。我们通过将所得种群动态建模为野生，“目标”，真菌和超寄生化“控制”真菌之间的生态相互作用，来表征引入这种药物后可能产生的结果范围。我们使用了来自1970年代英国荷兰榆树病流行的数据来参数化目标真菌的种群动态，并考虑了控制真菌在致死性和传播性方面的广泛可能性的成功控制。我们将高寄生虫的可传播性分解为水平可传播性（使以前未寄生的目标真菌宿主定殖的能力）和垂直可透射性（控制真菌建立新菌落的能力）。水平和垂直透射率都有一个侵入阈值。随着垂直传播的进一步增加，由于对照真菌竞争性排斥，存在另一个目标真菌被根除的阈值。相反，通过水平传播来根除可能永远不会成功，因为需要存在目标真菌才能通过该途径支持新病例。在这两个入侵和排斥阈值之间，控制真菌和目标真菌可能并存。使用随机的，空间扩展的模型，我们表明，基于控制真菌的高竞争能力（即高垂直传播）的成功预测可能比基于控制真菌可引起目标的高度预测的鲁棒性更高。真菌高度寄生（即高水平传播）。

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