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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Physiology >Postural proprioceptive reflexes in standing human subjects: bandwidth of response and transmission characteristics.
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Postural proprioceptive reflexes in standing human subjects: bandwidth of response and transmission characteristics.

机译：站立的人类受试者的姿势本体感受反射：反应带宽和传播特征。

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1. This study investigated the reflex control of postural sway during human bipedal stance. The experiments were designed to: (i) find evidence for the operation of 'stretch reflex' pathways during quiet stance, (ii) determine the bandwidth of the reflex response, (iii) describe the reflex transmission characteristics in standing subjects, and (iv) assess the ability of subjects to make a task-dependent change in the reflex. 2. A continuous random perturbation that did not threaten stability was applied at waist level to nine standing subjects. The effects of the perturbation on ankle torque, ankle movement and soleus electromyographic activity (EMG) were identified by cross-correlation. The bandwidth of the reflex response and the transmission characteristics of reflexes that respond to ankle movement were identified by spectral analysis. Changes in these reflex responses were investigated when subjects attempted to stand as still as possible, had their eyes closed, or balanced a load equivalent to their own body in a situation in which neither visual nor vestibular reflexes would be activated. 3. When standing, a reflex response coherent with the perturbation was seen in soleus EMG at frequencies up to 5 Hz, with maximal coherence at 1.0-2.0 Hz. Reflex gain increased with frequency, and there was a frequency-dependent phase advance of soleus EMG on ankle movement reaching 135 deg at 3 Hz. When attempting to minimize sway, subjects produced a more coherent reflex response and significantly increased reflex gain. 4. The response and transmission characteristics of the lower limb proprioceptive reflex in freely standing subjects were similar to those in subjects balancing a load at the ankle, a situation in which vestibular and visual inputs could not contribute. 5. It is concluded that reflex feedback related to ankle movement contributes significantly to maintaining stance, and that much of the reflex response originates from lower limb mechanoreceptors stimulated by ankle rotation. Although reflex gain may be relatively low during quiet stance it can be increased when necessary to maintain stability.
机译：1.本研究调查了人类双足姿势期间姿势摇摆的反射控制。实验的目的是：（i）在安静的姿势中寻找“伸展反射”途径的操作证据；（ii）确定反射反应的带宽；（iii）描述站立受试者的反射传递特性；以及（iv ）评估受试者在反射中做出与任务相关的变化的能力。 2.在腰部水平向九名站立的受试者施加了不威胁稳定性的连续随机扰动。通过互相关确定扰动对踝关节扭矩，踝关节运动和比目鱼肌电图活动（EMG）的影响。通过频谱分析确定了反射反应的带宽和响应脚踝运动的反射的传输特性。当受试者在视觉或前庭反射均不会激活的情况下尝试尽可能站立不动，闭上眼睛或平衡相当于自己身体的负荷时，研究了这些反射反应的变化。 3.站立时，在比目鱼肌肌电中观察到与摄动相关的反射反应，频率高达5 Hz，最大相干在1.0-2.0 Hz。反射增益随频率而增加，并且在3 Hz时踝运动达到135度时，比目鱼肌具有随频率变化的相位提前。当试图减少摇摆时，受试者产生更连贯的反射反应并显着增加反射增益。 4.自由站立的受试者的下肢本体感受反射的反应和传递特征与平衡脚踝负荷的受试者相似，在这种情况下前庭和视觉输入无法起作用。 5.结论是，与踝关节运动有关的反射反馈显着地有助于保持姿势，并且大部分反射响应源自踝关节旋转刺激的下肢机械感受器。尽管在安静状态下反射增益可能相对较低，但在必要时可以增加反射保持稳定性。

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