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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Face pictures reduce behavioural autonomic endocrine and neural indices of stress and fear in sheep.
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Face pictures reduce behavioural autonomic endocrine and neural indices of stress and fear in sheep.

机译：脸部图片可减少绵羊的应激和恐惧行为自律内分泌和神经指标。

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Faces are highly emotive stimuli and we find smiling or familiar faces both attractive and comforting, even as young babies. Do other species with sophisticated face recognition skills, such as sheep, also respond to the emotional significance of familiar faces? We report that when sheep experience social isolation, the sight of familiar sheep face pictures compared with those of goats or inverted triangles significantly reduces behavioural (activity and protest vocalizations), autonomic (heart rate) and endocrine (cortisol and adrenaline) indices of stress. They also increase mRNA expression of activity-dependent genes (c-fos and zif/268) in brain regions specialized for processing faces (temporal and medial frontal cortices and basolateral amygdala) and for emotional control (orbitofrontal and cingulate cortex), and reduce their expression in regions associated with stress responses (hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus) and fear (central and lateral amygdala). Effects on face recognition, emotional control and fear centres are restricted to the right brain hemisphere. Results provide evidence that face pictures may be useful for relieving stress caused by unavoidable social isolation in sheep, and possibly other animal species, including humans. The finding that sheep, like humans, appear to have a right brain hemisphere involvement in the control of negative emotional experiences also suggests that functional lateralization of brain emotion systems may be a general feature in mammals.
机译：面孔是高度情绪化的刺激，即使是年幼的婴儿，我们也发现微笑或熟悉的面孔既有吸引力又令人安慰。诸如绵羊之类的其他具有复杂人脸识别能力的物种也会对熟悉的面孔的情感意义做出反应吗？我们报告说，当绵羊经历社交孤立时，与山羊或倒三角形相比，看到熟悉的绵羊面孔图片会显着降低行为（活动和抗议发声），自主性（心律）和内分泌（皮质醇和肾上腺素）指数。它们还增加了大脑活动区域中活动相关基因（c-fos和zif / 268）的mRNA表达，这些区域专门用于加工面部（颞和内侧额叶皮质和基底外侧杏仁核）和情绪控制（眶额叶和扣带回皮质），并减少它们的表达。在与应激反应（下丘脑室旁核）和恐惧（中央和外侧杏仁核）相关的区域表达。对面部识别，情绪控制和恐惧中心的影响仅限于右脑半球。结果提供了证据，表明面部图片可能有助于缓解绵羊以及可能包括人类在内的其他动物物种不可避免的社会隔离所造成的压力。绵羊像人类一样，似乎在控制负性情绪体验中具有右脑半球的发现，这也表明，脑部情绪系统的功能侧化可能是哺乳动物的普遍特征。

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