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Open by default: a proposed copyright license and waiver agreement for open access research and data in peer-reviewed journals

机译：默认情况下为开放：建议的版权许可和放弃协议用于同行评审期刊中的开放获取研究和数据

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摘要

Copyright and licensing of scientific data, internationally, are complex and present legal barriers to data sharing, integration and reuse, and therefore restrict the most efficient transfer and discovery of scientific knowledge. Much data are included within scientific journal articles, their published tables, additional files (supplementary material) and reference lists. However, these data are usually published under licenses which are not appropriate for data. Creative Commons CC0 is an appropriate and increasingly accepted method for dedicating data to the public domain, to enable data reuse with the minimum of restrictions. BioMed Central is committed to working towards implementation of open data-compliant licensing in its publications. Here we detail a protocol for implementing a combined Creative Commons Attribution license (for copyrightable material) and Creative Commons CC0 waiver (for data) agreement for content published in peer-reviewed open access journals. We explain the differences between legal requirements for attribution in copyright, and cultural requirements in scholarship for giving individuals credit for their work through citation. We argue that publishing data in scientific journals under CC0 will have numerous benefits for individuals and society, and yet will have minimal implications for authors and minimal impact on current publishing and research workflows. We provide practical examples and definitions of data types, such as XML and tabular data, and specific secondary use cases for published data, including text mining, reproducible research, and open bibliography. We believe this proposed change to the current copyright and licensing structure in science publishing will help clarify what users – people and machines – of the published literature can do, legally, with journal articles and make research using the published literature more efficient. We further believe this model could be adopted across multiple publishers, and invite comment on this article from all stakeholders in scientific research.
机译：在国际上，科学数据的版权和许可是复杂的，并且在数据共享，集成和重用方面存在法律障碍，因此限制了最有效的科学知识的传输和发现。许多数据都包含在科学期刊文章，其已发表的表格，其他文件（补充材料）和参考列表中。但是，这些数据通常以不适合数据的许可发布。知识共享CC0是一种将数据专用于公共领域的适当且日益为人们所接受的方法，以最小限度地实现数据重用。 BioMed Central致力于在其出版物中实施符合开放数据的许可。在这里，我们详细介绍了一种协议，该协议针对在同行评审的开放获取期刊上发布的内容，实施组合的知识共享署名许可（用于受版权保护的材料）和知识共享CC0豁免（用于数据）协议。我们解释了版权归属的法律要求与奖学金中的文化要求之间的区别，这些文化要求是通过引用使个人对自己的工作给予认可。我们认为，在CC0下在科学期刊中发布数据将为个人和社会带来诸多好处，但对作者的影响最小，对当前的出版和研究工作流程的影响也将最小。我们提供了数据类型（例如XML和表格数据）的实用示例和定义，以及已发布数据的特定辅助使用案例，包括文本挖掘，可再现的研究和开放书目。我们认为，对科学出版中当前版权和许可结构的拟议更改将有助于弄清已出版文献的用户（人员和机器）在法律上可以与期刊文章一起做什么，并使使用已出版文献的研究更加有效。我们进一步相信，该模型可以在多个发行商中采用，并邀请所有科研领域的利益相关者对此文章发表评论。

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