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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Neuroscience >Changes in spatial scale in drawing and handwriting: kinematic contributions by proximal and distal joints
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Changes in spatial scale in drawing and handwriting: kinematic contributions by proximal and distal joints

机译：绘画和手写中空间比例的变化：近端和远端关节的运动学贡献

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摘要

The coordination of arm and hand motions was studied in tasks involving drawing and handwriting movements of different amplitudes. To this end, pen motion was recorded by means of a digitizing table, while the positions of different markers on the limb were monitored by the ELITE system. It was found that the amplitude of shoulder and elbow angular motions scales roughly with the size of the figure drawn or of the script, whereas the amplitude of wrist and finger motions is small, independent of size. Consequently, the larger the limb movement, the smaller the magnitude of the contributions by motions at distal joints relative to that at proximal joints. Furthermore, while shoulder and elbow motions are tightly coupled (constant phase relation), motions at distal joints are loosely coupled to those at the proximal joints (variable phase relation). On the other hand, motion at distal joints increases the accuracy of the movement, as indicated by the smaller variability of pen trajectories compared to that of wrist trajectories.
机译：在涉及不同幅度的绘画和手写运动的任务中，研究了手臂和手部动作的协调性。为此，通过数字化表记录笔的运动，而肢体上不同标记的位置由ELITE系统监控。结果发现，肩膀和肘部角度运动的幅度与绘制的图形或脚本的大小大致成比例，而腕部和手指运动的幅度较小，与大小无关。因此，肢体运动越大，远端关节相对于近端关节运动的贡献量就越小。此外，虽然肩部和肘部运动紧密耦合（恒定相位关系），但远侧关节处的运动与近端关节处的运动松散耦合（可变相位关系）。另一方面，在远端关节处的运动增加了运动的准确性，如与腕部轨迹相比笔轨迹的较小变化所表明。

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