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Influence of Nanotechnology and the Role of Nanostructures in Biomimetic Studies and Their Potential Applications

机译:纳米技术的影响和纳米结构在仿生研究中的作用及其潜在应用

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摘要

With the advent of nanotechnology, by looking further deep down into the molecular level, today, we are able to understand basic and applied sciences even better than ever before. Not only has nanoscience and nanotechnology allowed us to study the composing structures of materials in detail, it has also allowed us to fabricate and synthesize such nanostructures using top-down and bottom-up approaches. One such field, which has been significantly influenced by the dawn of nanotechnology is biomimetics. With powerful spectroscopic and microscopic tools presenting us with images like double nanostructured pillars on the lotus surface for superhydrophobicity, the conical protuberances of moth eye demonstrating anti-reflection properties and nanostructured spatulae of gecko feet for high adhesivity, we are now able to fabricate these structures in the lab with properties showing close resemblance to their natural counterparts. Here, we present a review of various nanostructures that exist in nature, their fabrication techniques and some of their promising future applications. We hope this review will provide the reader with a basic understanding of what biomimetics is and how nanotechnology has significantly influenced this field.
机译:随着纳米技术的出现,如今,通过更深入地研究分子水平,我们可以比以往更好地理解基础科学和应用科学。纳米科学和纳米技术不仅使我们能够详细研究材料的组成结构,而且还使我们能够使用自上而下和自下而上的方法来制造和合成这种纳米结构。仿生技术是受到纳米技术的重大影响的此类领域之一。借助功能强大的光谱和显微工具,我们可以在莲花表面上看到具有超疏水性的​​双纳米结构柱,蛾眼的圆锥形突起(显示出防反射特性)和壁虎脚的纳米结构刮铲(具有高附着力)等图像,我们现在能够制造出这些结构在实验室中,其性质与自然界相似。在这里,我们对自然界中存在的各种纳米结构,它们的制造技术以及它们有希望的未来应用进行了综述。我们希望这篇评论能为读者提供什么是仿生生物以及纳米技术如何对该领域产生重大影响的基本理解。

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