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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Biology Letters >Fluttering wing feathers produce the flight sounds of male streamertail hummingbirds
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Fluttering wing feathers produce the flight sounds of male streamertail hummingbirds

机译：飘动的机翼羽毛产生雄性蜂尾蜂鸟的飞行声

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摘要

Sounds produced continuously during flight potentially play important roles in avian communication, but the mechanisms underlying these sounds have received little attention. Adult male Red-billed Streamertail hummingbirds (Trochilus polytmus) bear elongated tail streamers and produce a distinctive ‘whirring’ flight sound, whereas subadult males and females do not. The production of this sound, which is a pulsed tone with a mean frequency of 858 Hz, has been attributed to these distinctive tail streamers. However, tail-less streamertails can still produce the flight sound. Three lines of evidence implicate the wings instead. First, it is pulsed in synchrony with the 29 Hz wingbeat frequency. Second, a high-speed video showed that primary feather eight (P8) bends during each downstroke, creating a gap between P8 and primary feather nine (P9). Manipulating either P8 or P9 reduced the production of the flight sound. Third, laboratory experiments indicated that both P8 and P9 can produce tones over a range of 700–900 Hz. The wings therefore produce the distinctive flight sound, enabled via subtle morphological changes to the structure of P8 and P9.
机译：飞行过程中不断产生的声音可能在禽类的交流中起重要作用，但是这些声音所基于的机制却很少受到关注。成年雄性红​​嘴流尾蜂鸟（Trochilus polytmus）带有细长的尾流，并产生独特的“呼’”飞行声，而成年雄性和雌性则没有。这种声音的产生是脉冲音，平均频率为858 Hz，这归因于这些独特的拖尾。但是，无尾的拖尾仍可产生飞行声音。三行证据反而暗示了机翼。首先，它与29 Hz的脉动频率同步脉冲。其次，一个高速视频显示，每次降泳时，初级羽毛八（P8）弯曲，从而在P8和初级羽毛九（P9）之间形成了间隙。操纵P8或P9会降低飞行声音的产生。第三，实验室实验表明P8和P9均可产生700-900 Hz范围内的音调。因此，机翼会产生独特的飞行声，这是通过对P8和P9的结构进行细微的形态变化而实现的。

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