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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Biology Letters >Inbreeding depression in adaptive plasticity under predation risk in a freshwater snail
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Inbreeding depression in adaptive plasticity under predation risk in a freshwater snail

机译：捕食风险下淡水蜗牛的近亲繁殖适应性可塑性下降

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摘要

While much attention has been paid to the effects of inbreeding on fitness, this has mostly come from a genetic perspective. Consequently, the interaction between inbreeding and the environment is less well understood. To understand the effects of inbreeding in natural populations where environmental conditions are variable, we need to examine not only how the effects of inbreeding change among environments but also how inbreeding may affect the ability to respond to environmental conditions (i.e. phenotypic plasticity). We reared selfed and outcrossed hermaphroditic snails (Physa acuta) in the presence and absence of chemical cues from predatory crayfish and quantified expression of an inducible defence, an adaptively plastic response to predation risk. Overall, inbred snails exhibited reduced defences, but more importantly, inbreeding reduced the expression of predator-induced adaptive plasticity. Inbreeding depression in defensive morphology was 26 per cent and inbreeding depression in the plasticity of this trait was 48 per cent. Inbreeding depression in adaptive plasticity may be important to understanding the effects of inbreeding in nature.
机译：尽管近亲繁殖对适应性的影响引起了广泛关注，但这主要是从遗传角度出发。因此，近亲与环境之间的相互作用了解得很少。为了了解近亲繁殖在环境条件可变的自然种群中的影响，我们不仅需要研究近亲繁殖的影响如何在环境之间变化，还需要研究近亲繁殖如何影响对环境条件做出反应的能力（即表型可塑性）。在存在和不存在掠食性小龙虾化学线索的情况下，我们饲养了自交和异型的雌雄同体的蜗牛（Physa acuta），并定量表达了可诱导的防御，这是对掠食风险的适应性塑性反应。总体而言，近交蜗牛的防御力降低，但更重要的是，近交蜗牛减少了捕食者诱导的适应性可塑性的表达。防御形态上的近交抑制为26％，可塑性的近交抑制为48％。适应性可塑性中的近交抑制对于理解自然中近交的影响可能很重要。

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