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Violence in the prehistoric period of Japan: the spatio-temporal pattern of skeletal evidence for violence in the Jomon period

机译:日本史前时期的暴力:绳纹时期暴力的骨骼证据的时空格局

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摘要

Whether man is predisposed to lethal violence, ranging from homicide to warfare, and how that may have impacted human evolution, are among the most controversial topics of debate on human evolution. Although recent studies on the evolution of warfare have been based on various archaeological and ethnographic data, they have reported mixed results: it is unclear whether or not warfare among prehistoric hunter–gatherers was common enough to be a component of human nature and a selective pressure for the evolution of human behaviour. This paper reports the mortality attributable to violence, and the spatio-temporal pattern of violence thus shown among ancient hunter–gatherers using skeletal evidence in prehistoric Japan (the Jomon period: 13 000 cal BC–800 cal BC). Our results suggest that the mortality due to violence was low and spatio-temporally highly restricted in the Jomon period, which implies that violence including warfare in prehistoric Japan was not common.
机译:从杀人到战争,人类是否容易遭受致命性暴力,以及这如何影响人类进化,这是人类进化辩论中最具争议的话题。尽管最近有关战争演变的研究是基于各种考古学和人种学数据,但他们报告的结果参差不齐:尚不清楚史前猎人与采集者之间的战争是否足够普遍以至于成为人性和选择性压力的一部分为了人类行为的发展。本文报道了史前日本(骨骼运动时期:公元前13000年至公元前800年),由于暴力所致的死亡率,以及古代猎人-采集者使用骨骼证据显示的暴力时空格局。我们的研究结果表明,在绳纹时代,暴力造成的死亡率低,时空限制很大,这意味着史前日本包括战争在内的暴力并不普遍。

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