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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Biology Letters >Within-shoal phenotypic homogeneity affects shoaling preference in a killifish
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Within-shoal phenotypic homogeneity affects shoaling preference in a killifish

机译：浅滩内表型的同质性影响双鱼的浅滩偏好

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摘要

Anti-predator benefits associated with living in groups are multiple and taxonomically widespread. In fish shoals, individuals can exploit the confusion effect, whereby predators struggle to target a single individual among several individuals. Theory predicts that the confusion effect could be aided by homogeneity in appearance; thus, individuals should group by phenotypic characteristics, contributing to generating high within-shoal phenotypic homogeneity. While assortments by body size have been extensively documented, almost nothing is known about whether within-shoal homogeneity in body pigmentation affects shoaling preference. To investigate this issue, we used the Mediterranean killifish, Aphanius fasciatus, a shoaling species characterized by conspicuous vertical bars on body sides. Individual females were given a choice between two novel shoals characterized by either a high or low degree of homogeneity in the number of bars. As predicted, individual females preferentially associated with the shoal showing the higher phenotypic homogeneity. Our data demonstrated that fish might associate with the shoal that maximizes phenotypic homogeneity in body pigmentation, irrespective of their own phenotype.
机译：与群体生活相关的反捕食者利益是多重的，并且在分类学上是广泛的。在鱼群中，个体可以利用混乱效应，从而使捕食者难以在多个个体中针对单个个体。理论预测，外观均匀性可以帮助混淆效果。因此，个体应按表型特征分组，从而有助于产生较高的浅滩内表型同质性。尽管已广泛记录了按身材分类的信息，但关于人体色素沉着的浅滩内同质性是否影响浅滩偏爱的知识几乎一无所知。为了研究这个问题，我们使用了地中海的金鱼鱼，Aphanius fasciatus，这是一种浅滩物种，其特征是在身体两侧具有明显的竖条。个体雌性在两种新颖的浅滩之间进行选择，这些浅滩的特征是条数的高或低均匀性。如所预测的，个体雌性优先与浅滩相关，表现出较高的表型同质性。我们的数据表明，鱼类可能与使人体色素沉着的表型同质性最大化的浅滩相关联，而与它们自己的表型无关。

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