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A comprehensive review of biodegradable synthetic polymer-ceramic composites and their manufacture for biomedical applications

机译：可生物降解的合成聚合物-陶瓷复合材料及其在生物医学应用中的制备的综述

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The application of various materials in biomedical procedures has recently experienced rapid growth. One area that is currently receiving significant attention from the scientific community is the treatment of a number of different types of bone-related diseases and disorders by using biodegradable polymer-ceramic composites. Biomaterials, the most common materials used to repair or replace damaged parts of the human body, can be categorized into three major groups: metals, ceramics, and polymers. Composites can be manufactured by combining two or more materials to achieve enhanced biocompatibility and biomechanical properties for specific applications. Biomaterials must display suitable properties for their applications, about strength, durability, and biological influence. Metals and their alloys such as titanium, stainless steel, and cobalt-based alloys have been widely investigated for implant-device applications because of their excellent mechanical properties. However, these materials may also manifest biological issues such as toxicity, poor tissue adhesion and stress shielding effect due to their high elastic modulus. To mitigate these issues, hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been used on metals because their chemical composition is similar to that of bone and teeth. Recently, a wide range of synthetic polymers such as poly (l-lactic acid) and poly (l-lactide-co-glycolide) have been studied for different biomedical applications, owing to their promising biocompatibility and biodegradability. This article gives an overview of synthetic polymer-ceramic composites with a particular emphasis on calcium phosphate group and their potential applications in tissue engineering. It is hoped that synthetic polymer-ceramic composites such as PLLA/HA and PCL/HA will provide advantages such as eliminating the stress shielding effect and the consequent need for revision surgery.
机译：各种材料在生物医学程序中的应用近来经历了快速增长。目前，科学界已引起广泛关注的一个领域是通过使用可生物降解的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料来治疗许多不同类型的骨相关疾病。生物材料是用于修复或替换人体受损部位的最常见材料，可分为三大类：金属，陶瓷和聚合物。可以通过组合两种或更多种材料来制造复合材料，以实现针对特定应用的增强的生物相容性和生物力学性能。生物材料必须显示出适合其应用的强度，耐用性和生物学影响等合适的特性。金属及其合金（例如钛，不锈钢和钴基合金）因其优异的机械性能而被广泛研究用于植入设备。然而，由于它们的高弹性模量，这些材料还可能表现出生物学问题，例如毒性，不良的组织粘附和应力屏蔽效果。为了减轻这些问题，已在金属上使用了羟基磷灰石（HA）涂层，因为它们的化学成分类似于骨骼和牙齿的化学成分。近来，由于其有希望的生物相容性和生物可降解性，已经针对各种生物医学应用研究了广泛的合成聚合物，例如聚（l-乳酸）和聚（l-丙交酯-共-乙交酯）。本文概述了合成的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料，特别强调了磷酸钙基团及其在组织工程中的潜在应用。希望合成聚合物-陶瓷复合材料（例如PLLA / HA和PCL / HA）将具有消除应力屏蔽效果以及随之而来的翻修手术等优点。

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