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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >Higher songs of city birds may not be an individual response to noise
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Higher songs of city birds may not be an individual response to noise

机译：城市鸟儿的高歌未必是个人对噪音的回应

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摘要

It has been observed in many songbird species that populations in noisy urban areas sing with a higher minimum frequency than do matched populations in quieter, less developed areas. However, why and how this divergence occurs is not yet understood. We experimentally tested whether chronic noise exposure during vocal learning results in songs with higher minimum frequencies in great tits (Parus major), the first species for which a correlation between anthropogenic noise and song frequency was observed. We also tested vocal plasticity of adult great tits in response to changing background noise levels by measuring song frequency and amplitude as we changed noise conditions. We show that noise exposure during ontogeny did not result in songs with higher minimum frequencies. In addition, we found that adult birds did not make any frequency or song usage adjustments when their background noise conditions were changed after song crystallization. These results challenge the common view of vocal adjustments by city birds, as they suggest that either noise itself is not the causal force driving the divergence of song frequency between urban and forest populations, or that noise induces population-wide changes over a time scale of several generations rather than causing changes in individual behaviour.
机译：在许多鸣禽物种中已经观察到，嘈杂的城市地区的人口其最低频率的发声比安静，欠发达地区的同类人口的发声高。但是，为什么以及如何发生这种分歧尚不清楚。我们通过实验测试了在声乐学习过程中长期暴露于噪音中是否会导致大山雀（大山雀）中的最低频率更高的歌曲，这是最早观察到人为噪音与歌曲频率之间相关性的物种。我们还通过在改变噪声条件时测量歌曲的频率和振幅来测试成人大山雀对背景噪声水平变化的声音可塑性。我们表明，个体发育期间的噪声暴露不会导致歌曲具有更高的最低频率。此外，我们发现成年鸟类在歌曲结晶后改变其背景噪声条件时，没有对频率或歌曲用法进行任何调整。这些结果挑战了城市鸟类进行声音调节的普遍观点，因为它们表明，噪声本身不是驱动城市和森林种群之间歌唱频率差异的因果关系，或者是噪声诱发了整个时间范围内整个种群的变化。而不是导致个人行为发生变化的几代人。

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