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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Neuroscience >Postnatal Development of a Segmental Switch Enables Corticospinal Tract Transmission to Spinal Forelimb Motor Circuits
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Postnatal Development of a Segmental Switch Enables Corticospinal Tract Transmission to Spinal Forelimb Motor Circuits

机译：产后分段开关的发展使皮质脊髓道传输到脊髓前肢运动电路。

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Development of skilled movements and the corticospinal tract (CST) begin prenatally and continue postnatally. Because the CST is required for skilled movements in maturity, it is accepted that motor skills cannot occur until the CST develops a mature organization. We recently showed that the CST plays an essential role in postnatal development of interneurons comprising the spinal circuits it engages. We proposed that CST signals are more effectively transmitted to ventral motor circuits after interneuron maturation, thereby enabling expression of CST motor functions, suggesting development of a segmental switch promoting transmission. We tested this by recording CST-evoked focal synaptic potentials, extracellularly, in the cervical enlargement of cats before and after interneuron maturation [postnatal week 5 (PW5) to PW7]. We compared monosynaptic CST amplitude input to segmental circuits with oligosynaptic ventral horn responses, as a measure of CST-evoked segmental response transmission from input to output. The M1 primary motor cortex was unilaterally inactivated between PW5 and PW7 to determine activity dependence. CST interneuron contacts were identified using confocal microscopy. CST terminals contact diverse interneuron classes. CST stimulation strongly activated ventral motor circuits at the ages when both interneurons and CST spinal terminations have developed a mature phenotype, supporting development of segmental transmission of CST signals. CST activity blockade impeded development of effective segmental transmission by the inactivated CST and created a novel path for transmission from the ipsilateral, unaffected, CST. Our findings show that development of segmental CST signal transmission regulates nascent CST motor control functions and provide insight into systems-level mechanisms for protracted motor skill development.
机译：熟练运动和皮质脊髓束（CST）的发展始于产前，并持续至产后。因为成熟的熟练运动需要CST，所以公认的是，在CST发展成熟的组织之前，不会发生运动技能。我们最近表明，CST在中间神经元的产后发育中起着至关重要的作用，其中神经元参与了它所参与的脊髓回路。我们提出，在中间神经元成熟后，CST信号可以更有效地传输到腹侧运动回路，从而实现CST运动功能的表达，这提示了促进传输的分段开关的发展。我们通过在中间神经元成熟之前和之后[产后第5周（PW5）至PW7]记录猫的CST诱发的局灶性突触潜能在细胞外进行了测试。我们比较了单突触CST振幅输入与具有突触腹侧角响应的分段电路，以作为CST诱发的分段响应从输入到输出的传递的量度。在PW5和PW7之间单向灭活M1主运动皮层，以确定活动依赖性。使用共聚焦显微镜确定CST神经元接触。 CST终端接触各种中间神经元类。在中间神经元和CST脊柱末端均已形成成熟表型的时代，CST刺激强烈激活了腹侧运动回路，从而支持了CST信号分段传输的发展。 CST的活动阻滞阻止了灭活的CST进行有效的节段传播，并为从同侧的，未受影响的CST传播开辟了一条新的途径。我们的研究结果表明，分段CST信号传输的发展调节着新生的CST电机控制功能，并为深入的运动技能开发提供了系统级机制的见识。

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