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Social bonds facilitate cooperative resource sharing in wild chimpanzees

机译:社会纽带促进野生黑猩猩的合作资源共享

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摘要

Why share when access to benefits is uncertain is crucial to our understanding of the evolution of humans' extensive cooperation. Here, we investigated some of the different human sharing hypotheses and potential neuroendocrine mechanisms, in one of our closest living relatives, chimpanzees. The strongest predictor of sharing across food types was the presence of enduring and mutually preferred grooming partners, more than harassment, direct signalling, or trade. Moreover, urinary oxytocin levels were higher after the sharing of both individually and jointly acquired resources compared with controls. We conclude that the emotional connection inherent in social bonds was a key factor determining sharing patterns, with the oxytocinergic system potentially facilitating long-term cooperative exchanges. Testing for the role of social bonds in increasing predictability of sharing behaviour, a feature frequently overlooked, may help us to identify the evolutionary drivers of resource sharing and mechanisms that sustain delayed reciprocity between non-kin.
机译:为什么在不确定能否获得收益时分享,对于我们理解人类广泛合作的演变至关重要。在这里,我们在我们最亲密的近亲黑猩猩中调查了一些不同的人类共享假设和潜在的神经内分泌机制。跨食物类型共享的最强预测指标是存在持久且相互偏爱的美容伙伴,而不是骚扰,直接发出信号或进行贸易。此外,与对照组相比,共享个体和共同获得的资源后尿中催产素水平更高。我们得出的结论是,社会纽带中固有的情感联系是决定共享方式的关键因素,而催产素系统可能促进长期的合作交流。测试社会纽带在提高共享行为的可预测性中的作用,这一特征经常被忽视,这可能有助于我们确定资源共享的进化驱动因素以及维持非亲属之间延迟互惠的机制。

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