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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Neuroscience >Distinct Cortical Correlates of Autistic versus Antisocial Traits in a Longitudinal Sample of Typically Developing Youth
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Distinct Cortical Correlates of Autistic versus Antisocial Traits in a Longitudinal Sample of Typically Developing Youth

机译：典型发展中青年纵向样本中自闭与反社会特征的不同皮质相关性

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In humans, behaviors associated with autism and antisociality, disorders characterized by distinct social impairments, can be viewed as quantitative traits that range from frank impairment to normal variation, as found in the general population. Neuroimaging investigations of autism and antisociality demonstrate diagnostically specific aberrant cortical brain structure. However, little is known about structural brain correlates of social behavior in nonclinical populations. Therefore, we sought to determine whether autistic and antisocial traits exhibit dissociable cortical correlates and whether these associations are stable across development among typically developing youth. Three hundred twenty-three typically developing youth (age at first scan: mean = 10.63, SD = 3.71 years) underwent anatomic magnetic resonance imaging (1–6 scans each; total = 742 scans), and provided ratings of autistic and antisocial traits. Higher autistic trait ratings were associated with thinner cortex most prominently in right superior temporal sulcus while higher antisocial trait ratings were associated with thinner cortex in primarily bilateral anterior prefrontal cortices. There was no interaction with age, indicating that these brain–behavior associations were stable across development. Using assessments of both subclinical autistic and subclinical antisocial traits within a large longitudinal sample of typically developing youth, we demonstrate dissociable neuroanatomic correlations that parallel those found in the frank clinical disorders of autism (e.g., superior temporal cortex) and antisociality (e.g., anterior prefrontal cortex). Moreover, these correlations appear to be established in early childhood and remain fixed into early adulthood. These results support the dimensional view of psychopathology and provide neural signatures that can serve as informative endophenotypes for future genetic studies.
机译：在人类中，与孤独症和反社会有关的行为，以明显的社会障碍为特征的疾病，可以看作是定量的特征，范围从坦率的损伤到正常变异，如一般人群中所见。自闭症和反社会性的神经影像学研究显示出诊断特异性的异常皮质大脑结构。然而，关于非临床人群中社会行为的结构性大脑相关性知之甚少。因此，我们试图确定自闭症和反社会特征是否表现出可分离的皮层相关性，以及这些关联性在整个发展中的青年中在整个发育过程中是否稳定。对233名典型的发育中青年（初次扫描年龄：平均= 10.63，SD = 3.71岁）进行了解剖磁共振成像（每次1-6次扫描；总计= 742次扫描），并提供了自闭症和反社会特征的评分。在主要的双侧前额叶皮质中，较高的自闭症特征评分与较薄的皮质在右上颞沟最显着相关，而较高的反社会性状评分与较薄的皮质在主要双侧前额叶皮层相关。没有与年龄的相互作用，表明这些大脑行为关联在整个发育过程中都是稳定的。使用对典型的正在发育的青年的大量纵向样本中的亚临床自闭症和亚临床反社会特征的评估，我们证明了可分离的神经解剖学相关性与在自闭症的直率临床疾病（例如上颞皮质）和反社会性（例如前额叶）中发现的平行皮质）。而且，这些相关性似乎是在儿童早期就建立的，并且在成年早期仍然固定。这些结果支持心理病理学的维度观点，并提供了可以作为未来遗传学研究的信息内表型的神经信号。

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