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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Neuroscience >Anterolateral Motor Cortex Connects with a Medial Subdivision of Ventromedial Thalamus through Cell Type-Specific Circuits Forming an Excitatory Thalamo-Cortico-Thalamic Loop via Layer 1 Apical Tuft Dendrites of Layer 5B Pyramidal Tract Type Neurons
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Anterolateral Motor Cortex Connects with a Medial Subdivision of Ventromedial Thalamus through Cell Type-Specific Circuits Forming an Excitatory Thalamo-Cortico-Thalamic Loop via Layer 1 Apical Tuft Dendrites of Layer 5B Pyramidal Tract Type Neurons

机译：前外侧运动皮层通过特定于细胞类型的回路与内侧丘脑的内侧细分相连并通过第5B层锥体束型神经元的第1层顶端簇状树突形成兴奋性丘脑-皮质-丘脑环。

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The anterolateral motor cortex (ALM) and ventral medial (VM) thalamus are functionally linked to support persistent activity during motor planning. We analyzed the underlying synaptic interconnections using optogenetics and electrophysiology in mice (female/male). In cortex, thalamocortical (TC) axons from VM thalamus excited VM-projecting pyramidal tract (PT) neurons in layer 5B of ALM. These axons also strongly excited layer 2/3 neurons (which strongly excite PT neurons, as previously shown) but not VM-projecting corticothalamic (CT) neurons in layer 6. The strongest connections in the VM → PT circuit were localized to apical tuft dendrites of PT neurons, in layer 1. These tuft inputs were selectively augmented after blocking hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels. In thalamus, axons from ALM PT neurons excited ALM-projecting VM neurons, located medially in VM. These axons provided weak input to neurons in mediodorsal nucleus, and little or no input either to neurons in the GABAergic reticular thalamic nucleus or to neurons in VM projecting to primary motor cortex (M1). Conversely, M1 PT axons excited M1- but not ALM-projecting VM neurons. Our findings indicate, first, a set of cell type-specific connections forming an excitatory thalamo-cortico-thalamic loop for ALM ↔ VM communication and a circuit-level substrate for supporting reverberant activity in this system. Second, a key feature of this loop is the prominent involvement of layer 1 synapses onto apical dendrites, a subcellular compartment with distinct signaling properties, including HCN-mediated gain control. Third, the segregation of the ALM ↔ VM loop from M1-related circuits of VM adds cellular-level support for the concept of parallel pathway organization in the motor system.>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Anterolateral motor cortex (ALM), a higher-order motor area in the mouse, and ventromedial (VM) thalamus are anatomically and functionally linked, but their synaptic interconnections at the cellular level are unknown. Our results show that ALM pyramidal tract neurons monosynaptically excite ALM-projecting thalamocortical neurons in a medial subdivision of VM thalamus, and vice versa. The thalamo-cortico-thalamic loop formed by these recurrent connections constitutes a circuit-level substrate for supporting reverberant activity in this system.
机译：在运动计划期间，前外侧运动皮层（ALM）和腹内侧丘脑（VM）在功能上相互关联，以支持持续活动。我们在小鼠（雌性/雄性）中使用光遗传学和电生理学分析了潜在的突触互连。在皮质中，来自VM丘脑的丘脑皮质（TC）轴突激发了ALM的5B层中的VM投射锥体束（PT）神经元。这些轴突还强烈刺激了第2/3层神经元（如前所示，强烈刺激PT神经元），但没有刺激第6层中VM投射的皮质丘脑（CT）神经元。VM→PT回路中最牢固的连接位于顶端的簇状树突。在第1层中的PT神经元细胞。在阻断超极化激活的环状核苷酸门控（HCN）通道后，选择性增加了这些簇状输入。在丘脑中，来自ALM PT神经元的轴突激发位于VM内侧的投射ALM的VM神经元。这些轴突为中枢神经核中的神经元提供了微弱的输入，对GABA能级网状丘脑核中的神经元或向原发性运动皮层（M1）的VM中的神经元提供了很少或没有输入。相反，M1 PT轴突激发M1-，但不激发ALM投射的VM神经元。我们的发现首先表明，一组特定于细胞类型的连接形成了用于ALM↔VM通信的兴奋性丘脑-皮质-丘脑环和用于支持该系统中混响活动的电路级基板。其次，该环的关键特征是第1层突触明显参与顶突树突，这是一种具有独特信号特性的亚细胞区室，包括HCN介导的增益控制。第三，将ALM↔VM回路与VM的M1相关电路隔离开来，为运动系统中并行路径组织的概念增加了细胞水平的支持。>重要意义，前外侧运动皮层（ALM），小鼠的高阶运动区和腹膜（VM）丘脑在解剖上和功能上都相互联系，但在细胞水平上它们的突触相互连接是未知的。我们的结果表明，ALM锥体束神经元在VM丘脑内侧细分中单突触地激发投射ALM的丘脑皮质神经元，反之亦然。由这些循环连接形成的丘脑-皮质-丘脑环路构成电路级基板，用于支持该系统中的混响活动。

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