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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology (London England) >New views on the hypothesis of respiratory cancer risk from soluble nickel exposure; and reconsideration of this risks historical sources in nickel refineries
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New views on the hypothesis of respiratory cancer risk from soluble nickel exposure; and reconsideration of this risks historical sources in nickel refineries

机译：可溶性镍暴露对呼吸道癌风险假说的新观点；和重新考虑镍冶炼厂的这种风险的历史来源

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IntroductionWhile epidemiological methods have grown in sophistication during the 20th century, their application in historical occupational (and environmental) health research has also led to a corresponding growth in uncertainty in the validity and reliability of the attribution of risk in the resulting studies, particularly where study periods extend back in time to the immediate postwar era (1945–70) when exposure measurements were sporadic, unsystematically collected and primitive in technique; and, more so, to the pre-WWII era (when exposure data were essentially non-existent). These uncertainties propagate with animal studies that are designed to confirm the carcinogenicity by inhalation exposure of a chemical putatively responsible for historical workplace cancers since exact exposure conditions were never well characterized. In this report, we present a weight of scientific evidence examination of the human and toxicological evidence to show that soluble nickel is not carcinogenic; and, furthermore, that the carcinogenic potencies previously assigned by regulators to sulphidic and oxidic nickel compounds for the purposes of developing occupational exposure limits have likely been overestimated.
机译：简介虽然流行病学方法在20世纪已经发展成熟，但在历史职业（和环境）健康研究中的应用也导致风险归因的有效性和可靠性不确定性相应增加在所得的研究中，尤其是研究时期可以追溯到战后时期（1945-70年），当时的暴露测量是零星的，不系统地收集的并且是原始技术。而且更是如此，直到第二次世界大战之前的时代（当时基本上没有暴露数据）。这些不确定性随着动物研究而传播，这些动物研究旨在通过吸入可能与历史上的工作场所癌症有关的化学物质来证实其致癌性，因为从未明确表征确切的暴露条件。在本报告中，我们提供了大量的人体科学证据和毒理学证据，以证明可溶性镍不会致癌。而且，为了制定职业接触限值，监管机构先前为硫化镍和氧化镍化合物分配的致癌能力可能被高估了。

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