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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Applied and Environmental Microbiology >Emission of Climate-Relevant Trace Gases and Succession of Microbial Communities during Open-Windrow Composting
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Emission of Climate-Relevant Trace Gases and Succession of Microbial Communities during Open-Windrow Composting

机译：开放式堆肥过程中与气候有关的微量气体排放和微生物群落演替

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Determination of different indicators of microbial biomass, community structure, and bioactivity by the fumigation extraction method, as well as determination of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and their subfractions and the measurement of trace gases, respectively, provides valuable information about microbial succession in composting processes. The emission rates of carbon dioxide (CO(inf2)), methane (CH(inf4)), and nitrous oxide (N(inf2)O) increased successively during compost maturation: initially in the presence of easily degradable nutrients, during high temperature, and after the temperature had cooled down, respectively. The emission rate patterns of these trace gases corresponded to the concentrations of PLFAs and their particular subfractions. (i) Similar to the CO(inf2) emission rates, microbial biomass estimations by fumigation extraction and by determination of the amount of total PLFAs showed a discontinuous decrease during the composting process, with a slight increase at the end of the observation period. (ii) An increase in ether lipids, indicating the enhanced presence of archaean methanogens, and an elevated CH(inf4) emission were observed at the same time. (iii) The period of enhanced N(inf2)O emission corresponded to the increase in beta and omega hydroxy fatty acids derived from the outer membrane. Additionally, the continuous increase in branched-chain fatty acids suggested an increase in gram-positive bacteria and actinomycetes, and the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids indicated a decrease in eukaryotic cells during the composting.
机译：通过熏蒸提取方法测定微生物生物量，群落结构和生物活性的不同指标，以及测定磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）及其亚组分和痕量气体的测定，可提供有关堆肥中微生物演替的有价值的信息。流程。在堆肥成熟过程中，二氧化碳（CO（inf2）），甲烷（CH（inf4））和一氧化二氮（N（inf2）O）的排放速率依次增加：最初是在容易降解的养分存在下，在高温下，以及温度冷却后。这些微量气体的排放速率模式对应于PLFA及其特定亚组分的浓度。 （i）与CO（inf2）排放速率相似，通过熏蒸提取和确定总PLFA含量估算的微生物生物量在堆肥过程中显示出不连续的减少，在观察期末略有增加。 （ii）醚脂质增加，表明古细菌产甲烷菌的存在增加，同时观察到CH（inf4）排放增加。 （iii）N（inf2）O排放增强的时期对应于衍生自外膜的β和ω羟基脂肪酸的增加。另外，支链脂肪酸的持续增加表明革兰氏阳性细菌和放线菌的增加，而多不饱和脂肪酸的减少表明在堆肥过程中真核细胞的减少。

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